Proteins Flashcards
Name the 5 functions of proteins in the body
- structural
- enzymes
- hormones
- antibodies
- receptors
What are enzymes made of?
Proteins
What are enzymes and how do they affect chemical reactions?
They are biological catalysts and they speeds up chemical reactions
Do enzymes take part in chemical reactions and are they affected by chemical reactions?
They do not take part in chemical reactions and they are unchanged by chemical reactions
What is the substance an enzyme acts upon?
Substrate
What is the part of the enzyme that fits its substrate?
It’s active site
What is the substrate for amylase and what product is produced?
Substrate - starch
Product - maltose
What is the substrate for phosphorylase and what is produced?
Substrate - glucose -1- phosphate
Product - starch
What is the substrate for catalase and what is produced?
Substrate - hydrogen peroxide
Product - oxygen and water
What happens to enzyme activity when temperatures are very low?
Enzymes are inactive but undamaged
What happens to enzymes activity at low temperatures?
They move around slowly and rarely meet therefore enzyme activity remains low
What happens to enzyme activity at warmer temperatures?
They move around faster so they meet more regularly so rate of reaction is increased
What is meant by optimum temperature?
The temperature at which the enzyme works best at and rate of reaction is at its fastest
What is most enzymes optimum temperature?
37 degrees (body temperature)
What happens to enzyme activity when temperature increases above the optimum?
The enzymes active site is changed and eventually slows down the reaction rate and stops working
