respiration Flashcards
Anaerobic respiration
Respiration is the process by which energy in food is made available for a cell to do the work necessary to keep it alive. When oxygen is used in the reaction you call it aerobic respiration
How does food get to respiring cells?
In animals, food is eaten digested and absorbed into the bloodstream
In plants, the food made in photosynthesis in the leaves travels around the phloem tubes and eventually reaches all other parts of the plants
How does oxygen get to the respiring cells?
In vertebrae, oxygen comes from the air and is inhaled into the lungs. It diffuses into the bloodstream and is transported to all the body cells
In plants, some of the oxygen comes from photosynthesis and some through diffusion through the leaves on other parts of the plant
When is energy released?
Energy is released when glucose combines with oxygen
ATP
This acts as a little packet of energy, the energy can be stored and used later when needed.
Where does aerobic respiration occur?
Respiration occurs in an organelle called the mitochondria
Anaerobic respiration
This respiration occurs without oxygen.
Differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration
Aerobic respiration uses oxygen while anaerobic respiration does not use oxygen
Aerobic respiration produces large amounts of energy while anaerobic respiration produces small amounts of energy in comparison
Glucose is broken down completely two inorganic molecules in aerobic respiration
Wyler in anaerobic respiration glucose is not broken down completely ethanol and lactic acid organic molecules that still contain useful energy
Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria and anaerobic respiration occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell
Anaerobic respiration in humans
After or during strenuous activity muscles may need oxygen quickly and unable to immediately get it Soo muscle cells than respire anaerobically, energy is produced although in much smaller amount for each molecule of glucose
Lactic acid
This is a waste product of the reaction when exercising it’s causes muscle ache and fatigue
After exercise if what he has to get rid of the lactic acid as quickly as possible, this is done by using oxygen to change it back to a chemical like glucose so it can be broken down completely in aerobic respiration
Oxygen debt
The lactic acid is also known as oxygen debt
Process of manufacturing yogurt
Pasteurization- heat treatment to kill disease-causing organisms
Inoculation- cool to 40° and a culture of bacteria added
Fermentation incubated in large fats lactose converted to lactic acid providing natural yogurt
Package and distribute- package stood at 4.5 degrees the bacterium remain alive but no more fermentation occurs at this temperature.
