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bio 5 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

biochemical cycle

A

the cycle by which esential atoms are released and reused by nature.

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2
Q

carbon cycle

A

how carbon dioxide is passed from one organism to another as they live and die.

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3
Q

biological control

A

the use of living organisms to control the population of specific organisms.

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4
Q

biochem oxygen demand

A

aerobic bacteria multiply in water quickly and need water.

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5
Q

eutrophication

A

the process by which nutrients are added to water systems leading to the death of the organisms

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6
Q

cell wall

A

prevents the bursting of the plant cell and gives it shape

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7
Q

cell membrane

A

a selectively permeable membrane which controls the exchange between the cell and its environment

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8
Q

cytoplasm

A

a site of chemical reaction of life

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9
Q

nucleus

A

controls cell activity

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10
Q

chromosomes

A

contain genetic info in the form of DNA

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11
Q

mitocondrion

A

sight of energy prodoction

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12
Q

permanent vacoule

A

important for exchange

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13
Q

chloriplast

A

the area where photosynthesis takes place

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14
Q

microbes

A

tiny microscopic organisms that cannot be seen by the naked eye

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15
Q

tissue

A

a structure made up of many simular or identical cells which perform one specific function

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16
Q

diffusion

A

the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

17
Q

osmosis

A

a process by which molecules move through a semipermeable membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration

18
Q

passive transport

A

movement across the cell membrane not requiring energy.

19
Q

active transport

A

the movement of ions or moecules across a cell membrane into a reigon of higher concentration assisted by enzymes or requiring enzymes

20
Q

net flow

A

an equilibrium in which their is no net movement

21
Q

turgid

A

hard

22
Q

flaccid

A

drooping or loose

23
Q

hypotonic

A

dilute

24
Q

hypertonic

A

concentrated

25
Q

autotroph

A

self feeder(plants)

26
Q

hetherotroph

A

feeds on other organisms

27
Q

saprophyte

A

feed on dead organic material

28
Q

equation of photosynthesis

A

carbon dioxide+water light/chlorophyll =glucose+oxygen.

29
Q

two stages on photosynthesis

A

light dependant

light independant

30
Q

adaptions for photosynthesis

A
  • leaves grow broader and thinner to absorb as much light as possible
  • leaves are spread around to catch as much light as possible.
  • chloroplasts are most numerous in the top part of the leaf closest to the sunlight
  • a waxy cuticle prevents water loss from surfaces
31
Q

guard cells

A
  • specialized epidermal cells that controll the opening and closing of the stoma
  • this is done by change in turgidly.
32
Q

photosynthesis

A

co2 diffuses into the cells , as co2 is used up in photosynthesis the concentration drops thus a greater concentration outside the cells causes it to defuse into them. water travels into the roots by osmosis then travels up the xylem vessels and into the leaf water moves by osmosis from cell to cell to the palasaide cells. chlorophyll trap the uv rays to be used in photosynthesis, The light splits the water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen and combine the carbon dioxide with the hydrogen to create glucose and a waste product water.

33
Q

is oxygen needed by plants

A

oxygen is needed in small quantity’s for respiration

34
Q

list the limiting factors of photosynthesis

A

availability of water
carbon dioxide concentration
temperature
light intensity

35
Q

how does temperature affect photosynthesis

A

the rate of reaction increases as temperature. with heat the molecules move around and come together faster. coldness limit the rate of photosynthesis because enzymes involved are not working at optimal temperatures

36
Q

how does carbon dioxide concentration affect photosynthesis

A

low concentrations of co2 slow the rate of photosynthesis.

37
Q

how does light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis

A

light intensity varys throughout the day becoming a limiting factor

38
Q

how does water affect photosynthesis

A

dry soil limits the amount of hydrogen and oxygen available to plants to make food.

39
Q

etiolation

A

a process in which plants are grown in partial or no light

  • leaves are kept small and stored energy is used to elongate the stem in hopes of recieving sunlight
  • stems and leaves become pale and yellow

bio 5 (6 decks)

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