Respiration Flashcards
What are the 4 stages of respiration?
Glycolysis, link reaction, kerbs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation
Where does the first stage of respiration occur?
Cypotplasm
Where do all the stages (but the first) of respiration occur?
Mitochondria
What happens in glycolysis?
Glucose molecule splits into 2 sampler molecules of pyruvate
Does glycolysis need oxygen to take place?
No
What is the intermediate molecule in glycolysis hydrolysed into?
2 TP molecules
What is the overall yield of products from the glycolysis of one glucose molecule?
2 ATP, 2NADP and 2 pyruvate
What are the 4 stages in glycolysis?
Phosphorylation of glucose to glucose phosphate
Splitting of phosphorylated glucose
Oxidation of TP
Production of ATP
How does NAD become reduced NAD in glycolysis?
Protons are transferred to NAD when TP is oxidised
What are the products of the link reaction?
2 carbon acetyl CoA, NADH2 and CO2
What are the 3 stages of the link reaction?
Pyruvic acid is oxidised to Acetyl CoA
Decarboxylation
Enzyme A is recycled
What product from the links reaction is vital for the kerbs cycle (it drives the kerb cycle)?
2 carbon acetyl CoA
What are the overall products for one Cole of the kerbs reaction?
ATP, 2 CO2, 3 NADH2, 4 H2 and FADH2
What are the steps involved in the Krebs Cycle?
Acetyl CoA is oxidised to citric acid
6 carbon citric acid is oxidised to 5 carbon ke to acid
5 carbon Leto acid is oxidised to 4 carbon succinic acid
4 carbon succinic acid is oxidised to 4 carbon malic acid
4 carbon malic acid is oxidised to 4 carbon oxaloacetic acid
What happens to Acetyl CoA in the Krebs cycle?
It’s recycled back into the cycle
What happens to the overall yield in the Krebs cycle when it’s per glucose?
Yield is doubled
What is the product produced at the end of oxidative phosphorylation?
Water
What are the stages of oxidative phosphorylation?
H atoms combine with NAD and FAD
Reduced NAD and FAD donate (H atom) electrons
Oxidation reduction reactions occur
Protons transfer from the inter-membran all space to the mitochondrial matrix
Electrons+protons+O2 combine to make water
What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transfer chain?
O2
Why is O2 so important in respiration?
Final electron acceptor and H atoms from Krebs and glycolysis. Without the removal of H atoms the chain would back up and respiration would halt.
