Respiration Flashcards
What does respiration do?
Respiration releases energy for cells from glucose.
What is the difference between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration needs oxygen whereas anaerobic respiration doesn’t.
What is respiration?
Respiration is a series of reactions in which energy is released from glucose.
What is the equation for aerobic respiration?
glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water (+ energy)
Energy is shown in brackets because it is not a substance
Does aerobic respiration happen in animal or plant cells?
Aerobic respiration happens all of the time in the cells of animals and plants. Most of the reactions involved happen inside mitochondria, tiny objects inside the cytoplasm of the cell.
What do animals use energy for?
Energy is used by animals to enable the muscles to contract so that the animals can move. Mammals and birds keep their body temperature steady.
What’s the difference between respiration and breathing?
Respiration and breathing aren’t the same thing: respiration releases energy, while breathing lets air into and out of our lungs.
What happens if not enough oxygen reaches the muscles during exercise?
Not enough oxygen may reach the muscles during exercise. When this happens, they use anaerobic respiration to obtain energy.
What does anaerobic respiration involve?
Anaerobic respiration involves the incomplete breakdown of glucose. It releases around 5% of the energy released by aerobic respiration, per molecule of glucose.
When do muscles become fatigued?
Muscles become fatigued during long periods of vigorous activity. This means that they stop contracting efficiently.
Why do muscles become fatigued?
One cause of this is the buildup of lactic acid in the muscles from anaerobic respiration.
How is lactic acid removed?
Lactic acid is removed from the muscles by blood flowing through them.
Why is less energy released during anaerobic respiration compared to aerobic respiration?
Much less energy is released because the breakdown of glucose is incomplete.
What does anaerobic respiration produce (O)?
Anaerobic respiration produces an oxygen debt
What is ‘oxygen debt’?
The amount of oxygen needed to oxidise lactic acid to carbon dioxide and water.
