Keywords Flashcards
What are catalysts?
A substance which speeds up a chemical reaction, without being used in the reaction.
What are enzymes?
A protein molecule which acts as a biological catalyst
What is an active site?
The place on an enzyme molecule where the substrate binds.
What is a substrate?
The chemical an enzyme acts on
What does denatured mean?
When an enzyme changes shape so that it can no longer work.
What are carbohydrases?
Enzymes which break up carbohydrates
What is amylase?
The enzyme made in the mouth and pancreas, that breaks down starch into sugar
What are lipids?
An oil or fat
What are fatty acids?
Part of a lipid
What is glycerol?
Part of a lipid
What is lipase?
An enzyme which breaks lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
What is protease?
An enzyme which breaks down proteins into amino acids
What does emulsifies mean?
Breaking down fat into tiny droplets
What is biological detergent?
Washing detergents that contain enzymes
What is isomerase?
An enzyme which converts a molecule from one form (shape) to another.
What is fructose?
A sugar syrup.
What is glycogen?
Carbohydrate store in animal, including the muscles, liver and brain.
What is aerobic respiration?
Breaking down food using oxygen to release energy
What is anaerobic respiration?
Breaking down food without oxygen to release energy
What is lactic acid?
One of the products of anaerobic respiration. In animals it builds up in muscles after exercise.
What is oxygen debt?
The extra oxygen that must be taken into the body after exercise
What are alleles?
A version of a gene
What is mitosis?
Cell division where two identical cells are formed
What are stem cells?
Undifferentiated cell which can form any type of cell
