Respiration Flashcards
The open circulatory system is common to ________ & __________.
Mollusks, and anthropods
Solutions to challenges of breathing underwater?
Stay small
surface area to volume ratio
gills
Explain open circulatory system
When blood is pumped by the heart into the body cavities, where tissues are surrounded by the blood
No tubing or piping of the circulatory system
________, and a few invertebrates, have closed circulatory systems
Vertebrates
Explain closed circulatory system
Blood is pumped by the heart through vessels, and does not normally fill body cavities
Blood is closed at all times within vessels
Benefit of the countercurrent exchange
Allows for much more efficient exchange of oxygen
Humans exchange about ___% of the oxygen in one breath while marine mammals exchange about ___%
20, 90
What happens with the mammalian diving reflex
It’s the shunting of blood to the core of the body, bradycardia, peripheral vasoconstriction
What type of reaction is the mammalian diving reflex
Parasympathetic
