respiration

Question 1

what is respiration?

Answer 1

the process of transferring energy from the breakdown of glucose. (which happens in every cell)

Question 2

what are 3 examples of where respiration is used?

Answer 2

to build larger molecules from smaller ones. (like proteins from amino acids)
allow muscles to contract.
keep body temperature constant in cold conditions. (mammals and birds)

Question 3

what is metabolism?

Answer 3

the total of all the reactions happening in a cell or a body.

Question 4

what is aerobic respiration?

Answer 4

respiration using oxygen. (the most efficient way to transfer energy from glucose)

Question 5

what is the equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 5

glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water. (C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O)

Question 6

what is anaerobic respiration and when is it done?

Answer 6

respiration without oxygen. (the incomplete breakdown of glucose making lactic acid)
it is done when there is not enough oxygen supplied.

Question 7

what is the formula for anaerobic respiration in muscles?

Answer 7

glucose → lactic acid (this is very simple)

Question 8

what is oxygen debt?

Answer 8

muscles need energy from respiration to contract.
when you exercise you need more oxygen for more respiration. (as your muscles are working more)
so your breathing rate and heart rate increase to supply more oxygen.
however there comes a point where your body cannot supply enough oxygen for the level of exercise so your muscles start anaerobically respiring creating lactic acid.
oxygen debt is the amount of oxygen required to react with the lactic acid to produce CO₂ and water.
this is why your pulse and breathing are fast after excercise.

Question 9

what is the formula for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast cells?

Answer 9

glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide
(called fermentation in yeast cells)