Respiration Flashcards
how much ATP is produced from aerobic respiration?
38 ATP
What are the stages of aerobic respiration?
glycolysis, link reaction, krebs cycle and electron transport chain
where does glycolysis occur?
in the cytosol
is oxygen required for glycolysis?
no oxygen is required
what happens to the glucose molecule in glycolysis?
glucose molecule is phosphorylated and is converted to hexose phosphate
what happens to the hexose phosphate in glycolysis?
It is split into triose phosphate
what happens to triose phosphate in glycolysis?
triose phosphate is dehydrogenated so 2 NADs are reduced to NADH. 4 ATP’s are produced by substrate level phosphorylation and pyruvate is produced
what happens to the pyruvate at the end of glycolysis?
if oxygen is available, it diffuses into the mitochondrial matrix for the link reaction
what does glycolysis produce?
2 ATP, 2 reduced NAD and 2 pyruvates
where does the link reaction occur?
in the mitochondrial matrix
how many times does the link reaction take place?
twice per glucose molecule, because there are two molecules of pyruvate
what happens to the pyruvate once it diffuses into the mitochondrial matrix?
it becomes dehydrogenated and the hydrogen released reduces NAD. the pyruvate is decarboxylated and produces acetyl
what happens to the acetyl during the link reaction?
the acetate combines with Co-enzyme A to form acetyl CoA
How many ATP’s are produced from the link reaction?
6 ATP
where does the krebs cycle take place?
in the mitochondrial matrix
what happens to the acetyl coA after entering the Krebs cycle?
acetate fragment from the acetyl coA combines with a 4C compound to produce a 6C compound – the co-enzyme A is regenerated in the process.
how is the 4C compound regenerated in the krebs cycle?
through a series of 6C and 5C intermediates. Two atoms of carbon are lost in two molecules of CO2 – the oxygen comes from water molecules. Because the process uses oxygen it is called oxidative decarboxylation.
what does the krebs cycle produce?
1 ATP, 3 reduced NAD, 1 reduced FAD and 2 carbon dioxide molecules
