respiration Flashcards
Gas Exchange in Mammals
-ventilation
-diffusion
-circulation
-diffusion
-cellular respiration
where does Gas Exchange in Mammals take place
-skin
-gills
-trachea
-lungs
skin resp
Must be gas-permeable: must stay moist!
gills
Outward folds of body surface
Increased area for gas exchange in gill arches
gills challanges
Less oxygen content in water
need to process more
Density of water:
high energy cost of ventilation
Needs structural support
Must be kept moist:
poorly adapted for terrestrial life
Tracheae
- Gases diffuse faster in air than in water
- Air density < water: easier ventilation
- Air diffuses through pores
- Valves help prevent drowning
- Tracheae branch throughout body
trecheae dissadvantage
- Desiccation
lungs
- NOT spread throughout body:
need circ. system to help exchange gases!
Bronchi->Bronchioles-> Alveoli
where does the air go in human lungs
Airways into the human
lungs, alveoli, the alveolar gas-exchange surface
What factors affect lung efficiency?
- Size
- Complexity
- Mode of ventilation
How do animals move air into & out of lungs?
Mammalian lung inside 2 membranes w/fluid in between
Inner membrane adheres to lung surface
Chest wall motion → lung surface motion
how do we breathe
our diaphram contracts, like the ballon waterbottel example
How do animals move air into & out of lungs?
Tubular structures of lung for gas exchange instead of alveoli
Connected to multiple air sacs
Continual flow of oxygenated air across lungs, gas exchange during both inhalation and exhalation!
what happens to ventilation during exercise?
breathing rate increaces
gas exchange increaces
02 to muscles increaces
elimination of CO2 increaces
CO2 production in muscles increases
