circulation Flashcards
GV cavity
- Highly branched digestive cavity
- Nutrients & O2 can diffuse directly to all cells
Open system
- less pressure
Closed system
- More efficient at transport
- Found in large, active animals
what increased as vertebrate circulatory systems evolved
the number of atria and ventricles increased, and the number of circuits
2 heart circuits of a mammal
Pulmonary circulation
Systemic circulation
arteries
away from the heart
veins
to the heart
what is the path that the blood takes
1.Blood enters
right atrium on
return from body
2.Blood enters
right ventricle
3.Blood is
pumped to lungs
from right
ventricle
4.Blood returns to
left atrium from lungs
5.Blood enters left
ventricle
6.Blood is pumped
to body from left
ventricle
why does fetal circulation does not require pulmonary circulation
because the fetus gets the blood from the mother through the placenta and ombilical chord, and the ductus arteriosus is open rather than closed
What is heart murmur?
when the heart valves are weak so theres backflow of blood
Atria & ventricles contracting in sequence creates what
Creates blood pressure
Circulatory Systems of Vertebrates
- Arteries → arterioles → capillaries → venules → veins
Cellular components
- Erythrocytes (RBCs)
- Leukocytes (WBCs)
- Platelets
what is blood plasma made up of
- Water
- Ions
- Plasma proteins
- CO2, hormones, metabolic wastes
how is oxygen transported
98.5% transported within red blood cells by hemoglobin
