Respiration Flashcards
What is stored in glucose that must be released by all cells during respiration?
Chemical energy
What is respiration?
A series of enzyme controlled reactions
How is energy released?
From the breakdown of glucose used to generate ATP
What cellular activities can chemical energy transferred by ATP used for?
Mitisos
Muscle cell contraction
Active transport
Transmission of nerve impulses
Protein synthesis
What happens during respirtation?
Glucose is broken down to two molecules of pyruvate
How much ATP does the breakdown of glucose to pyruvate release?
2
Where does the first stage of respiration occur
Cytoplasm
What does the further breakdown of pyruvate depend on?
The presence or absence of oxygen
What happens if oxygen is present in respiration?
Aerobic respiration will occur in the mitochondria
What happens if oxygen is absent in respiration?
Fermentation will occur in the cytoplasm
How many molecules of ATP does aerobic respiration yield?
Many
How many molecules of ATP does fermentation yield?
2
Aerobic respiration
Glucose is broken down to 2 pyruvate yielding 2 ATP
Respiration is then completed in the mitochondria where the pyruvate is then broken down to the products carbon dioxide and water.
Many ATP is produced
Fermentation
Glucose is broken down to 2 pyruvate yielding 2 ATP
In animal cells the pyruvate is converted into lactate
In plant and yeast cells the pyruvate is converted into carbon dioxide and ethanol
Why do muscle and sperm cells have many mitochondria?
As they need many ATP for movement
