Proteins

Question 1

What are proteins made of?

Answer 1

Amino acids

Question 2

What determines the proteins structure and shape?

Answer 2

The sequence of amino acids

Question 3

Why is the shape of a protein important?

Answer 3

For its function

Question 4

What are the four different protein functions?

Answer 4

Structural, Hormones, Antibodies, Receptors, Enzymes

Question 5

Structural

Answer 5

Gives support to cells

Question 6

Hormones

Answer 6

Are chemical messangers

Question 7

Antibodies

Answer 7

Destroy pathogens to protect the body against disease

Question 8

Receptors

Answer 8

Special proteins on the cell membrane that other proteins can bind to

Question 9

Enzymes

Answer 9

Biological catalysts

Question 10

What are enzymes made by?

Answer 10

By all living cells

Question 11

What do enzymes do?

Answer 11

Speed up cellular reactions and are unchanged in the process

Question 12

Where does the substrate bind to the enzyme?

Answer 12

Active site

Question 13

What does specific mean?

Answer 13

The shape of the active site is complementary to only one substrate

Question 14

What is degredation?

Answer 14

When enzymes speed up the breakdown of large substrate molecules into smaller products

Question 15

SAM

Answer 15

Starch —Amylase—> Maltose

Question 16

HPCOW

Answer 16

Hydrogen Peroxide —Catalyse—> Oxygen + Water

Question 17

What is Synthesis?

Answer 17

When enzymes speed up the build up of large product molecules from smaller substrate molecules

Question 18

GPS

Answer 18

Glucose-1-phosphate —Phosphorylase—> Starch

Question 19

What can enzymes and other proteins be affected by?

Answer 19

Temperature and PH

Question 20

What is optimum?

Answer 20

Where enzymes work best at

Question 21

When will enzyme activity be highest?

Answer 21

At its optimum temperature and PH

Question 22

What is the usual optimum temperature?

Answer 22

40 degrees

Question 23

What happens when enzymes denature?

Answer 23

Rate falls rapidly

Question 24

What does it mean for an enzyme to be denatured?

Answer 24

The shape of the active site is changed and will no longer be complementary to the shape of the substrate

Question 25

What two things can make an enzyme denatured?

Answer 25

Increasing or decreasing the PH of an enzyme reaction much above or below its optimum PH or increasing the temperature much above its optimum temperature