RESPIRATION

Question 1

GENERAL EQUATION FOR PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Answer 1

6CO2 + 6H2O + energy ====> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 2

GENERAL EQUATION FOR AEROBIC RESPIRATION

Answer 2

C6H12O6 + 6O2 =====> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

Question 3

RESPIRATION

Answer 3

1) dark respiration
2) enzymatic breakdown of glucose using oxygen to produce ATP

Question 4

THREE STAGES OF RESPIRATION

Answer 4

1) glycolysis
2) kreb’s cycle
3) electron transport system

Question 5

GLYCOLYSIS

Answer 5

STARTING MATERIAL
=> glucose (photosynthesis)
=> water (H2O)
PRODUCTS
=> pyruvate/pyruvic acid
=> ATP (substrate-level phosphorylation)

Question 6

KREB’S CYCLE

Answer 6

STARTING MATERIAL
=> pyruvic acid
PRODUCTS
=> CO2
=> NADH and FADH2
=> ATP (substrate-level phosphorylation)

Question 7

ELECTRON TRANSPORT SYSTEM

Answer 7

STARTING MATERIAL
=> NADH and FADH2
PRODUCT
=> ATP (oxidative phosphorylation)

Question 8

TWO COMPONENTS OF RESPIRATION

Answer 8

1) growth respiration
2) maintenance respiration

Question 9

GROWTH RESPIRATION

Answer 9

1) energy converting products of photosynthesis to plant material
=> reduction of nitrate and sulfate from soil
=> active uptake of minerals and organic substrates
=> monomer synthesis

Question 10

MAINTENANCE RESPIRATION

Answer 10

1) energy from protein breakdown and respiratory processes producing CO2
=> physiological adaptation to changing environment
=> cellular structures
=> intracellular gradients of ions and metabolites

Question 11

FACTORS INCREASING RESPIRATORY RATES

Answer 11

1) age and nature of tissues
2) higher temperature
3) increased availability of oxygen
4) decreased levels of carbon dioxide

Question 12

LIMITED LEVELS OF OXYGEN

Answer 12

hypoxia

Question 13

ABSENCE OF OXYGEN

Answer 13

anoxia