Resp Flashcards
1
Q
Life threatening asthma signs?
A
92, 33 CHEST <92% sats <33% FEV1 Cyanosis Hypotensive Exhaustion Silent chest Tachycardia
2
Q
Most common cause of exudative pleural eff?
A
Pneumonia
3
Q
Conservative treatments COPD?
A
- stop smoking
- Pneumococcal + flu vac
- pulmonary rehab
4
Q
Stepwise treatment for COPD?
A
- SABA/SAMA inhaler
- SABA + LABA + LAMA or SAMA + LAMA + ICS
- triple therapy: SABA + LAMA + LABA + ICS
5
Q
Symptoms of cor pulmonale?
A
R heart failure:
- peripheral oedema
- raised JVP
- parasternal heave
6
Q
treating cor pulmonale
A
loop diuretics
consider LTOT
7
Q
When is the anion gap relevant?
A
When there is met acidosis
8
Q
How is the anion gap calculated?
A
Cations minus anions
8-16 is normal
9
Q
Examples of resp acidosis
A
Airway obstruction
Acute/chronic lung disease
opioids/sedatives
weak resp muscles
10
Q
Examples of metabolic acidosis with increased anion gap
A
(hypoventilation) MUDPILES Methanol Uraemia DKA Propylene glycol Iron tabs Lactic acidosis Ethylene glycol Salicylates (late)
11
Q
Examples of metabolic acidosis with normal anion gap
A
HARDASS Hyperalimentation Addisons disease Renal tubular disease Diarrhoea Acetazolamide Spironolactone Saline infusion
12
Q
Examples of resp alkalosis
A
(hyperventilation) hysteria hypoxic salicylates (early) tumour PE
13
Q
Examples of metabolic alkalosis
A
(H+ loss/HCO3 excess) vomiting loop diuretics hyperaldosteronism antacid use
