AKI Flashcards
Investigations for AKI
B - FBC (if low platelets think HUS, TTP or DIC), U+Es (Cr, K+), Blood culture if septic
O - urine dip, MSU, fluid balance
X - USS kidneys for structural abnormalities
E- ECG for K+
S - Bedside bladder scan if retaining fluid
When are the only 2 times you should catheterise?
1) urine retention
2) need accurate input/output
Pre-renal AKI causes
Hypovolaemia
Renal artery stenosis
Intrinsic AKI
ATN (most common) AIN GN Tumour lysis syndrome Rhabdomylysis
Post-renal AKI
BPH
Stone in ureter/bladder
External compression of ureter
Risk factors for AKI
CKD >65 Hx of organ failure Use of nephrotoxic drugs Oliguria
Giving contrast to patients at risk of AKI?
Give additional IV fluid
Symptoms of AKI
Olig/anuria
increase in K+/urea/creat
FLuid overload
What should all pt with AKI have?
urinalysis
When should be USS AKI pts?
When there is no cause for deterioration or are at risk of urinary tract obstruction
Managment of AKI?
SUPPORTIVE Restore, monitor, review, treat restore perfusion monitor review drugs treat cause/complication
Complications of AKI
Uraemia - percarditis, encephalitis Electrolyte disturbance Met acidosis Pulm oedema HTN
Electrolyte disturbances in kidney disease
Hyperkalaemia
Hypercalcaemia
Hyper/hyponatraemia
DIAMOND drugs
Diuretics Iodine ACE/ARBs Metformin Opiates NSAIDs DMARDs
Opiate to be used in renal impairment?
Oxycontin
