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Pharm > resp > Flashcards

resp Flashcards

0
Q

Dimenhydrinate

A

1st generation H1 blocker
allergy, motion sickness
toxic: sedation anti-muscar, anti-alpha

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1
Q

Diphehydramine

A

1st generation H1 blocker
allergy, motion sickness
toxic: sedation anti-muscar, anti-alpha

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2
Q

Chlorpheniramine

A

1st generation H1 blocker
allergy, motion sickness
toxic: sedation anti-muscar, anti-alpha

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3
Q

Loratadine

A

2nd generation H1 blocker
allergy
toxic: far less sedating, decrease CNS entry

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4
Q

fexofenadine

A

2nd generation H1 blocker
allergy
toxic: far less sedating, decrease CNS entry

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5
Q

desloratadine

A

2nd generation H1 blocker
allergy
toxic: far less sedating, decrease CNS entry

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6
Q

cetirizine

A

2nd generation H1 blocker
allergy
toxic: far less sedating, decrease CNS entry

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7
Q

Albuterol

A

beta-agonist
relaxes bronchial smooth muscle, beta2
use during acute exacerbation

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8
Q

salmeterol

A

long acting agents for prophylaxis
adverse are tremor and arrhythmia
beta-blocker

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9
Q

formoterol

A

long acting agents for prophylaxis
adverse are tremor and arrhythmia
beta-blocker

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10
Q

theophylline

A

methylxanthine: bronchodilation by inhibiting phosphodisterase
thereby decrease cAMP hydrolysis
usage is limited:narrow therapeutic index (cardiotoxicity, neurotocity)
metabolize by P450: -by:quinolones/macrolides;
+by: aromatic hydrocarbons(smoke),cruciferous vege
block actions of adenosine

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11
Q

ipratropium

A

competitive block of muscarinic receptor
preventing bronchoconstriction
asthma also used for COPD
long acting muscarinic anta

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12
Q

tiotropium

A

competitive block of muscarinic receptor
preventing bronchoconstriction
also used for COPD
long acting muscarinic anta

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13
Q

beclomethasone

A

steroids, inhibits the synthesis of virtually all cytokines
inactive NK-kappaB, the transcription factor that induces the production of TNF-alpha, among other inflammatory factors
1st line therapy for chronic asthma
*oral rinsing! candiasis

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14
Q

fluticasone

A

steroid: inhibits the synthesis of virtually all cytokines
inactive NK-kappaB, the transcription factor that induces the production of TNF-alpha, among other inflammatory factors
1st line therapy for chronic asthma
*oral rinsing! candiasis

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15
Q

montelukast

A

block leukotriene receptor

especially good for aepirin-induced asthma

16
Q

zafirlukast

A

block leukotriene receptor

especially good for aepirin-induced asthma

17
Q

zileuton

A

a 5-lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor

blocks conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotrienes

18
Q

omalizumab

A

monoclonal anti-Ig E antibody
binds mostly unbound serum Ig E
used in allergic asthma resistant to inhaled steroids and long-acting beta2 agonists
*reserve for refractory asthma

19
Q

cromolyn sodium

A

prevent degranulation of mast cell

20
Q

nedocromil

A

prevent degranulation of mast cell

21
Q

asthma emergency uses?

A

epi

22
Q

guaifenesin

A

expectorant
thins respiratory secretions
does nor suppress cough reflex

23
Q

N-acetylcysteine

A

mucolytic-can loose mucous plugs in CF patients

also used as an antidote for acetaminophen overdose

24
Q

Bosentan

A

treat pulmonary arterial hypertension
competitively antagonizes endothelin-1 receptors
decreasing pulmonary vascular resistance

25
Q

dextromethorphan

A

antitussive(anta NMDA glutamate receptor)
synthesis codeine analog
mild opioid effect when used in excess, mild abuse potential
naloxone can be given for overdose

26
Q

pseudoephedrine

A

sympathomimetic alpha-agonistic nonprescription nasal decongestants
reduce hyperemia, edema, and nasal congestion, open obstructive Eustachian tubes, pseudoephedrine also used as a stimulant
toxicity: hypertension. can also cause CNS stimulation/anxiety

27
Q

phenylephrine

A

sympathomimetic alpha-agonistic nonprescription nasal decongestants
reduce hyperemia, edema, and nasal congestion, open obstructive eustachian tubes,
toxicity: hypertension.

28
Q

methacholine

A

muscarinic receptor agonist

used in asthma challenge test

29
Q

methylene blue

A

methHb treatment

30
Q

cyanide poisoning

A

nitrite+thiosulfate

31
Q

DVT treatment

A

heparin for acute

wafarin for long term prevention

32
Q

neonatal resp distress syndrome

A

maternal steroid before birth
artificial surfactant for infant
supplemental O2–>retinopathy of prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia

33
Q

treatment for sleep apnea

A

weight loss
CPAP
surgery

34
Q

inoperable lung cancer

A

small cell carcinoma

treat with chemo

35
Q

lung cancer that need to be removed surgically

A

large cell carcinoma

Pharm (13 decks)

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