Resp 2

Question 1

3 pathological processes of COPD

Answer 1

…….

Question 2

What happens to PaO2 and PaCO2 in COPD?

Answer 2

…..

Question 3

Compensation and why are both not set to normal and what blood results will be seen?

Answer 3

• respiratory centre sensitive to PaCO2 so ↑V̇ → ↓CO2 (CO2 dissociation curve allows this)
• in ideal alveoli ↑PAO2 (by ↑V̇) will not give ↑PaO2 due to saturation of Hb
• thus arterial O2 content isn’t normalised by ↑V̇ (only CO2 is) • gives low PaO2, normal PaCO2 and pH

Question 4

Danger of giving inspired oxygen to COPD patients

Answer 4

• ↑PaCO2 gives lower sensitivity of chemoreceptors, dampening hypercapnic response
• thus individual w/ COPD relies on hypoxic response
• such that if high inspired O2 given → hypoxic drive turned off → ventilation drops
• also dangerous to monitor only O2 saturations

Question 5

How to distinguish between V/Q and R/L

Answer 5

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Question 6

R/L Presentation

Answer 6

• low oxygen delivery to tissues gives polycythemia (from high EPO) and reddish complexion
• normal lung function tests
• pan-systolic murmur
• resting hypoxaemia (widened A-a gradient)