Resp 1 part 2 (exam 3) Flashcards
Positioning
- high fowlers is the best position for air
- Tripod position- COPD patients use this to get optimal airway
activity
its all about supply and demand
- if the supply is low do not increase demand
- supply patient with rest periods
diet
- with severe lung problems, question is it a chore to eat, plan meals around rest periods
- nutritional hake and supplements
- small frequent meals, make meals in advance
what type of diet shhould a patient with COPD have
- high calorie, high protein diet, drink a good amount of fluid (unless heart problems)
turn cough deep breathing
loosens up mucus, moves mucus around helps improve gas exchange
- post op splint incessions, medicate for pin
- contraindications - hernia and intracranial pressure
- do this in the morning after resp. treatment or percussion and vibration treatment
pursed lip breathing
purpose to prolong exhalation to prevent bronchial collapse and air trapping
- helps get out excess CO2
- positive pressure in airways- keep alveoli from collapsing
how to do pursed lip breathing
breath deeply through nose
exhale through pursed lips 3xs as long as exhalation
repeat 8-10 xs 3-4 times daily
Diaphragmatic (abdominal) breathing
focues on using diaphragm to achieve max inhalation and slow resp rate
- used for relaxing accessory muscles doesnt help with gas exchange
incentive spirometer
- suck in on the milkshake
- breath in for at least 5 seconds
- measuring volume of inspired air
- helps control inhulation
- stimulates patient to cough
chest physiotherapy
put patient in a position to facilitate drainage, start percussion or vibration try for 5 mins
- percussion hand in cup and hit on back
- cough and deep breath, suction if needed
- do not do on clear lungs
air way clearing techniques
postral drainage, percussion, vibration
when would it not be a good time to do chest pt
if patient has rib fractures, after they eat
- do 1 hr before meals or 3 hours after
Huff coughing
forced expiratory technique that clears serections with less change in pleural pressure, and less likelihood of bronchial collapse
PEP therapy
airway clearance device- can be used for someone that cant dolerate chesOt PT
- helps to loose mucus and move it up through the airways to the mouth where it can be expectorated
- flutter mucous device has a steel ball , sculations travel to lung to help knocked mucous lose
- accapella device can hook nebulizer treatment to it
oxygen delivery
- considered a medication
- never without O2 from someone who needs it for fear of CO2 retention and respiratory depression” administer and assess
FiO2 of room air
21%
humidification
masks should be humidified
Low flow systems
for patients that are breathing room air just adding to it
- nasal cannula
- simple mask
- partial rebreather
- non rebreather
- reservior bag
nasal cannula
delivers from 1 - 6L of oxygen per min
- humidify above 3 L
- skin integrity - ears and middle of nose
Masks
deliver more O2 at higher concentrations
Simple mask
administer low to moderate concentrations of O2 (6-12L)
- covers nose and mouth
- used only for a short time
- make sure tight seal
- good for mouth breathers
- cant eat or drink while mask is on
- clean frequently q2hr
partial rebreather
allows patient to rebreath some co2
- short term therapy 24hrs
- 10-15 L o2
- bag has to stay inflated
non rebreather
100% FiO2
- reservior bag always needs O2 and to remained filled up
- 1 way valve all CO2 is expelled and can not rebreath any CO2
High flow systems
independent of patients breathing
- venturi mask
- aerosol mask
- trach collar
- t pipes