resources of islamic culture Flashcards
what are the resources of islamic culture?
- holy quran
- sunnah
- ijmaa’
- qiyas/analogy
difference between makki and madani verses
makki: the major concepts of the principles of Islam
madani: the major concepts are about the systems of islam
what is hijra?
when the prophet muhammad PBUH had to immigrate from Mecca to Madina
what is the quran?
allah’s speech sent down to the prophet Muhammad PBUH
what is sunnah?
the practices of the prophet muhammad PBUH and his way of implementing the regulations of the Quran. it explains any obscure idea in the Quran
types of sunnah
verbal sunnah (hadith)
practical sunnah (actions)
tacitly approved sunnah
what is ijmaa’?
the unanimous agreement of recognized Muslim scholars after the death of the Prophet on any debatable issue for which there is no clear statement in the Qur’an or Sunnah
types of ijmaa’
explicit ijmaa’ - when scholars all agree on an issue with no objection like the prohibition of drugs
silent ijmaa’ - when one of the scholars has confirmed and the rest kept silent
conditions of ijmaa’
- ijma’ should not contradict a qur’anic text
- ijma’ should not contradict a previous Ijma’
what is qiyas (analogy)?
when another issue with a similar cause is not covered by any Qur’anic
statement, muslim scholars resort to analogy and thus extend the injunction of the first issue to the second.
categories of qiyas
Original Case/Issue: intoxicants
New case/ issue: vodka, wine
The cause: losing mind
The rule: forbidden
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِنَّمَا ٱلۡخَمۡرُ وَٱلۡمَيۡسِرُ وَٱلۡأَنصَابُ وَٱلۡأَزۡلَٰمُ رِجۡسٞ مِّنۡ عَمَلِ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِ فَٱجۡتَنِبُوهُ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ
interests to be protected in Islamic law/sharia:
- Human life
- Human mind
- Religion
- Honor
- Wealt
