Resources and sustainability

Question 1

What is sustainability?

Answer 1

Using resources sparingly to ensure future generations are accommodated for

Question 2

Name and explain the effects of urbanization on the environment?

Answer 2

Air
-increased temperatures

Land
-increased run-off water

Water

• Increased water pollution
• Flooding
• sewerage overflow

Question 3

What are the Pros of urbanization?

Answer 3

• Growth in industrial productions
• Tourism-usually good for the economy
• Trade and commerce

Question 4

What are the cons of urbanization?

Answer 4

-Housing issues

Question 5

Provide solutions to combat the effects of urbanization to on the environment?

Answer 5

-Implementing Clear Water infrastructure Sustainability policies

–Clean Air Act like The UK

-Utilizing energy saving technology

Question 6

Briefly explain what a resource is and name the types of resources

Answer 6

-Any material that can provide in the needs of people in society

NATURAL RESOURCES
-Renewable ;Doesn’t take long to form and can be reused and renewed e.g. water, soil, air

-Non-renewable resources; Take a long time to form and available in limited quantities

HUMAN RESOURCES
-Consists of the physical skills and mental contribution of humans to produce goods and services

Question 7

Give examples of the exploitation and depletion and contributing factors

Answer 7

Causes of depletion of resources

• Development, industrialization and population growth
• Resources are used faster than they can be replaced

Examples
-Overpopulation degradation
-Animal and plant species being extinct
-

Question 8

Briefly explain what SOIL is

Answer 8

Soil is a mixture of broken pieces of rock, plant, animal remains ,water and air

Question 9

What are the factors that influence soil formation?

Answer 9

Parent Material

• Controls soil depth, color, texture and PH level
• Determines the amount and type of minerals present in soil

Climate

• High temps and High rainfall accelerates weathering and causes deep soils
• Amount of water and waters direction affects soil formation
• Leaching

Organisms

• worms and moles burrow soil which increases air spaces(Bioturbation)
• Animals add dung to the soil
• Bacteria and micro-organisms help w decomposition which releases nutrients

Topography/Relief

• Steeper slopes have thin soils than gentle slopes(high run-off)
• Soil on steeper slopes are thin and infertile
• Plants on gentle slopes have deeper roots holding soil together allowing time for soils to fertilize

Time

• Once weathered material is loose enough to hold water, plants and nutrients it is considered soil
• This process may take centuries or days

Question 10

What are the 3 types of soil

Answer 10

1. Pedalfer:Forest soil rich in Al and iron oxides
2. Pedocal:Grassland soil rich in calcium carbonate
3. Laterite:Rainforest soil found in hot, wet, climates that is nutrient poor

Question 11

Critically discuss soil-erosion

Answer 11

-The process where soil is lost to agents such as water and wind

Question 12

What are the effects of soil erosion?

Answer 12

1. Reduction in arable land
2. Drop in food production
3. Rise in food prices
4. Increase in unemployment and poverty
5. Growth of informal settlements