resources

Question 1

what is a resource

Answer 1

things that people use and some resources are essential for survival e.g. food, energy and water

Question 2

3 resources people need

Answer 2

food
energy
water

Question 3

what is undernutrition

Answer 3

a poorly balanced diet lacking in vitamins and minerals

Question 4

how does food affect wellbeing (positive and negative)

Answer 4

negative:
-undernutrition —> leads to illness —> illness means inability to work

positive:
-food means people live for longer as health is better —> this makes they work longer —> more taxes are paid

Question 5

which continent has the most undernourished people

Answer 5

africa

Question 6

why is water such an important resource

Answer 6

-drinking
-agriculture
-industry

Question 7

how does water affect economic and social (negative)

Answer 7

economic - woman and girls walk miles to collect water each day —> can’t go to school or work —> won’t earn much

social —> drinking dirty water can impact health —> diarrhoea and cholera which means life expectancy is short —> people unable to go to school etc

Question 8

how does energy affect economic and social wellbeing (positive and negative)

Answer 8

economic —> having energy resources such as oil means that countries can sell it to make money —> creates jobs

social —> burning fossil fuels leads to air pollution which has health impacts —> shorter quality of life

leads to global warming —> sea levels rising due to melting ice caps —> flooding in coastal areas

Question 9

why is there likely to be a water imbalance in the future

Answer 9

variations in climate and rainfall

Question 10

water scarcity

Answer 10

lack of clean water supply to meet demand

Question 11

in HICs which sector uses the greatest proportion of water

Answer 11

industry

Question 12

in LICs which sector uses the greatest proportion of water

Answer 12

agriculture

Question 13

region with little or no water scarcity

Answer 13

north america

europe

Question 14

region with physical water scarcity

Answer 14

middle east

Question 15

why is world energy consumption increasing

Answer 15

countries are developing leading to increased demand in industry e.g homes

Question 16

which groups of countries are seeing the fastest increase in the demand for energy

Answer 16

new emerging economies (NEEs)

Question 17

why does the UK import so much food

Answer 17

-cheap from abroad
-demand for seasonal produce all year
-demand for more choice
-UK climate unsuitable for some foods e.g. bananas

Question 18

food miles

Answer 18

distance food has to travel before it reaches the consumer

Question 19

what is a carbon footprint

Answer 19

the measure of carbon dioxide produced by certain activities

Question 20

how does food generate a carbon footprint

Answer 20

-producing, processing and packaging food releases CO2

-food needs transporting which releases emissions

Question 21

how is the UK reducing carbon footprint

Answer 21

-encouraging people to buy locally
-subsistence farming (growing own food)
-limit UK food imports
-agribusiness

Question 22

what is food security

Answer 22

having enough food to feed a population

Question 23

what is agribusiness

Answer 23

application of business skills to agriculture

Question 24

what is organic produce

Answer 24

food grown without the use of chemicals (fertilisers and pesticides)

Question 25

why will demand for water in the UK continue to increase

Answer 25

-increasing population -more houses being built —> more water intensive appliances are being used e.g. washing machines

Question 26

what is meant by a water surplus

Answer 26

where the supply of water exceeds demand

Question 27

water deficit

Answer 27

where demand for water exceeds supply

Question 28

where in the UK is there a water surplus

Answer 28

the north and west

Question 29

where in the UK is there a water deficit

Answer 29

the south and east

Question 30

3 ways that water can be saved

Answer 30

using recycled water more efficient use of household appliances e.g. washing machines household water meters

Question 31

what is grey water

Answer 31

water that has already been used within a household

Question 32

how can grey water be used again

Answer 32

watering plants flushing toilets

Question 33

energy mix

Answer 33

range of energy sources of a region or country, both renewable and non renewable

Question 34

food industry before and after

Answer 34

**before** —> grown locally **after** —> 47% of UKs food supply was imported in 2013

Question 35

positives of importing food

Answer 35

-jobs created in farming, packaging and transport -taxes are created for the government

Question 36

negatives of importing food

Answer 36

crops need huge amounts of water

Question 37

what are water transfer schemes

Answer 37

water is moved from an area of surplus to an area of deficit using underground pipes

Question 38

why do people oppose water transfer schemes

Answer 38

-damage habitats -expensive -release greenhouse gases when pumping water over long distances

Question 39

how does environment agency manage water quality

Answer 39

monitoring river water quality removing sediment from water restricting recreational uses so it’s not contaminated

Question 40

what causes groundwater pollution

Answer 40

• Chemicals from mines • Industrial sites • Fertilisers from farms runoff into water • Warm water from power stations

Question 41

Why has demand for energy in the UK declined in recent years?

Answer 41

• Decline of heavy industry • More energy being conserved e.g. low energy appliances, efficient cars

Question 42

How has the Uk's energy mix changed?

Answer 42

• In the past - more reliance on coal • Now - less coal used. Gas and renewables form a large proportion of energy mix.

Question 43

energy security

Answer 43

When a country generates enough of its own energy without relying on imports

Question 44

Coal use has declined over time but why will fossil fuels remain important to the UK?

Answer 44

• Still plenty of coal reserves left • It is cheap to import

Question 45

what is fracking

Answer 45

The process of extracting shale gas from under the ground

Question 46

how does fracking work

Answer 46

High pressure liquids are pumped underground to release gas trapped within sedimentary rock.

Question 47

Why is fracking controversial?

Answer 47

• Drilling can trigger earthquakes • Can pollute underground water sources • Expensive process

Question 48

What are the economic impacts (+ and -) of nuclear power?

Answer 48

- Expensive to build - Costs a lot to produce the electricity - Expensive to shut down when complete + Building —> jobs

Question 49

What are the environmental impacts (+ and -) of nuclear power

Answer 49

- Radioactive waste needs to be carefully stored. - Warm waste water can harm ecosystems

Question 50

What are the economic impacts (+ and -) of wind farms?

Answer 50

- cost a lot to build - unattractive so less people spending money in local economy + some wind farms attract tourists

Question 51

What are the environmental impacts (+ and -) of wind farms?

Answer 51

+ Reduced gas emissions - Some noise pollution from the turbines - Construction can harm the environment