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Geography > Resource Management > Flashcards

Resource Management Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three main resources humans depend on?

A

Food, water, and energy.

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2
Q

Is the distribution of resources even across the globe?

A

No, resources are unevenly distributed due to factors like climate, geology, and economic development.

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3
Q

What factors affect the global distribution of food?

A

Climate, soil quality, technology, and wealth.

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4
Q

How does food insecurity affect populations?

A

Leads to malnutrition, stunted growth, and economic instability.

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5
Q

How does climate affect the global distribution of food?

A

Regions with extreme climates, struggle to produce food due to poor growing conditions.

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6
Q

How does conflict impact food distribution?

A

Wars and political instability disrupt farming, trade, and access to food, leading to shortages in affected areas.

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7
Q

How does poverty affect access to food?

A

Poorer countries cannot afford advanced farming techniques or imports, leading to low food production and hunger.

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8
Q

Which greenhouse gases are most commonly linked to food production?

A

Carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O).

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9
Q

What is the carbon footprint of food?

A

The total greenhouse gas emissions produced during the growing, processing, transport, and disposal of food.

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10
Q

How does transportation affect the carbon footprint of food?

A

Food transported over long distances, especially by air, increases carbon emissions.(food miles)

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11
Q

How does food waste contribute to carbon emissions?

A

Decomposing waste in landfills releases methane, a potent greenhouse gas.

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12
Q

Name a food with a high carbon footprint.

A

Beef.

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13
Q

Name one way to reduce the carbon footprint of your diet.

A

Eat more plant-based foods and less meat and dairy.

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14
Q

How does buying locally produced food reduce carbon emissions?

A

It cuts down on transport and storage-related emissions.

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15
Q

What is organic farming?

A

A method of farming that avoids synthetic chemicals and uses natural processes to grow crops and raise animals.

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16
Q

What are the benefits of organic farming?

A

Reduced pollution, improved soil health, and fewer synthetic chemicals in food.

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17
Q

What are the disadvantages of organic farming?

A

Lower yields and higher production costs, leading to more expensive food.

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18
Q

What is industrialised farming?

A

Large-scale farming that uses advanced technology, machinery, and chemicals to maximize food production.

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19
Q

What are the benefits of industrialised farming?

A

High yields, lower food prices, and the ability to feed large populations.

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20
Q

What are the environmental impacts of industrialised farming?

A

: Deforestation, soil degradation, and high greenhouse gas emissions.

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21
Q

what is agribusiness

A

farming on a large scale

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22
Q

why does agribusiness exist?

A

growing population

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23
Q

Is water evenly distributed across the UK?

A

No, the North and West of the UK have a water surplus, while the South and East often experience water stress.

24
Q

What causes water stress in the South East of the UK?

A

High population density, low rainfall, and high demand for water.

24
Q

Why does the North West of the UK have a water surplus?

A

It receives higher rainfall and has fewer densely populated areas.

25
Q

What is water transfer?

A

The movement of water from areas of surplus to areas of deficit.

26
Q

What challenges affect water supply in the UK?

A

Climate change (less predictable rainfall), population growth, and aging infrastructure

26
Q

Name a UK water transfer project.

A

The Kielder Water Transfer Scheme moves water from Northumberland to areas of shortage in the North East.

27
Q

Name one way the UK can ensure sustainable water use.

A

Promoting water conservation through public awareness campaigns.

28
Q

How has the UK’s energy mix changed in recent decades?

A

The UK has shifted from heavy reliance on coal and other fossil fuels to a greater focus on natural gas and renewable energy sources like wind and solar.

29
Q

What was the main source of energy in the UK in the 20th century?

A

Coal was the dominant source of energy during much of the 20th century.

29
Q

How has the use of coal in the UK changed?

A

Coal use has drastically decreased due to its environmental impact and the UK’s commitment to reducing carbon emissions.

30
Q

What energy source has largely replaced coal in the UK?

A

Natural gas has largely replaced coal, but the UK is now transitioning to renewables for a greener energy future.

31
Q

How does relying on fossil fuels affect the UK’s economy?

A

Dependence on fossil fuels can lead to price volatility, energy insecurity, and an economy vulnerable to global market fluctuations in fuel prices.

32
Q

How does the exploitation of fossil fuels create economic problems?

A

Extracting fossil fuels can lead to boom-and-bust economic cycles, where areas dependent on extraction industries experience economic instability when demand falls or resources run out.

33
Q

How does the transition away from fossil fuels affect jobs in the UK?

A

There is a need to retrain workers in fossil fuel industries for jobs in renewable energy, which can lead to job losses in the short term but can create long-term employment in green industries.

34
Q

Why are fossil fuels running out?

A

Fossil fuels are non-renewable resources that take millions of years to form, and many fossil fuel reserves are being depleted faster than they can be replenished.

35
Q

What are some environmental problems caused by the exploitation of fossil fuels?

A

Habitat destruction, oil spills, air pollution, and the risk of water contamination through mining and drilling.

36
Q

What is the environmental impact of offshore oil drilling?

A

It can cause oil spills, disrupt marine ecosystems, and contribute to pollution in coastal areas.

36
Q

How does fracking affect the environment?

A

Fracking can cause groundwater contamination, increase seismic activity, and release methane, a potent greenhouse gas.

37
Q

How can renewable energy help reduce environmental damage?

A

Renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and hydroelectric power produce little to no emissions and have minimal environmental impacts compared to fossil fuels.

38
Q

Why is the transition to renewable energy important for the UK’s future?

A

To reduce carbon emissions, combat climate change, and ensure long-term energy security without relying on depleting fossil fuels.

39
Q

What role does energy efficiency play in reducing environmental impacts?

A

Using less energy through efficiency measures helps lower demand, reduces emissions, and decreases the pressure on fossil fuel resources.

39
Q

Why is global food consumption increasing?

A

Due to rising global population, higher incomes, and changing diets, especially in developing countries.

39
Q

How does urbanization contribute to increased food consumption?

A

As more people move to cities, their demand for processed and convenience foods grows.

40
Q

How does climate affect food supply?

A

Extreme weather events (droughts, floods) and changing temperatures can reduce crop yields and disrupt food production.

41
Q

How do natural disasters affect food supply?

A

Events like floods, hurricanes, and wildfires can destroy crops, disrupt transport, and damage infrastructure, leading to food shortages.

41
Q

What role does soil quality play in food supply?

A

Fertile, nutrient-rich soil is essential for high crop yields. Poor or degraded soil reduces food production.

42
Q

How does water availability impact food production?

A

Adequate rainfall or access to irrigation is crucial for growing crops; water scarcity limits food production.

43
Q

How does political stability affect food supply?

A

Political conflict, wars, or instability can disrupt food production, distribution, and trade, leading to shortages.

43
Q

: How do economic policies impact food availability?

A

Policies like subsidies, trade tariffs, and import/export regulations can influence the affordability and availability of food.

43
Q

What is food insecurity?

A

The lack of consistent access to enough nutritious food for an active, healthy life.

44
Q

How does globalization affect food supply?

A

Global trade allows countries to access food from different regions but can also make them vulnerable to global price fluctuations and trade disruptions.

44
Q

How does food insecurity impact economic development?

A

Lack of food can reduce productivity, leading to lower wages, less education, and slower economic growth.

44
Q

How does food insecurity affect health?

A

It can lead to malnutrition, weakened immune systems, stunted growth in children, and increased susceptibility to diseases.

45
Q

How does food insecurity contribute to migration?

A

People may migrate in search of food or better economic opportunities, leading to refugee crises and strain on resources in other areas.

Geography (7 decks)

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