resource management Flashcards
why is food resource significant, and what are some inequalities
good diets lead to productivity and boosted economy, malnutrition leads to poor health and unproductivity
2 billion have poorly balanced diets lacking minerals and vitamins
US has most food production and most obesity, and still has hunger
why is water resource significant, and what are some inequalities
water is essential for crops and drinking
climate change causes supply imbalance
by 2025, 50 countries will be facing scarcity
why is energy resource significant, and what are some inequalities
needed for homes (light, heat, power), and for economic growth (power factories)
unbalanced between hics and lics
nees demand more as they become industrialised, trading pattern changes
physical water scarcity vs economic water scarcity
physical - not enough to meet everyones needs
economic - area cannot afford infrastructure to supply to people
what is the inequality in demanding high value food from lics
farmers in lics get paid little for food with high prices in the uk, supermarket and transport take most of money
what food demands are being made
exotic foods, out of season food, organic food, foreign food
why is food demand expanding
foreign travel and diverse population have changed eating habits
how can we reduce food miles and carbon footprint
agribusiness (large commercial farms with modern technology)
local sourcing - farmers markets reduce food miles, processing and packaging, and waste (imperfect food is sold)
example of food miles
lamb travels 18 800 km from new zealand
why do we need food from other countries e.g tomato
carbon footprint would be more in uk as the uk needs heated greenhouses
why is local sourcing good for food resource
food miles and carbon footprint reduced
less processing and packaging
less waste - shops dont sell “imperfect” food
describe the relationship between water supply and water demand
north and west have water surplus - higher rainfall and lower population
south and east have water deficit - lower rainfall and higher population
why is water hard to transfer
high cost
potential damage of ecosystems
greenhouse emissions from electricity needed for pump
what are the main causes of water pollution
agriculture - chemicals
urban - detergents, minute plastic (runoff)
industrial - mine water, oil spill
between 1990 and 2020, energy mix….
almost 75% fossil fuels to over 45% renewable sources
pro of fossil fuels
job opportunities
con of renewable energy
visual impact
dependent of physical worldw
factors that affect food supply
climate
pests e.g locust
population growth
poverty (no technology, irrigation, fertilisers)
what is food insecurity
having no reliable access to enough affordable, nutritious food
impacts of food insecurity
famine
rising prices - fertiliser, storage and transportation prices rise
soil erosion
what is the indus basin irrigation system
largest irrigation scheme in world, irrigating dry agricultural land in pakistan
features of ibis
three large dams and 100+ smaller to regulate flow
over 1.6 million km of ditches and streams to provide water
advantages of ibis
40% more land for agriculture
increased crop yields - diets improved
hep from large dams
disadvantages of ibis
population growth
salinisation damages soil
high costs to maintain reservoir
what is sustainable food supply
ensures fertile soil, water, environmental resources are available for future generations
three examples of sustaining food supply with brief descriptions
organic farming - no fertilisers/pesticides
permaculture - growing food in natural ecosystems
urban farming - growing food on or in settlements
pros of organic farming
no chemicals in soil/water
maintains biodiversity e.g bees, continue to pollinate
cons of organic farming
labour costs are higher resulting is higher production costs
pros of permaculture
local, food miles reduced
cons of permaculture
small scale, requires everyone
pros of urban farming
use of unused space, visually improves urban area - wellbeing, air,
disadvantages of urban farming
small scale, requires everyone
cannot graze cattle; meat and fish must be farmed elsewhere
