Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HADSOC > Resource Allocation and Health Economics > Flashcards

Resource Allocation and Health Economics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of rationing?

A

Explicit vs. implicit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is explicit rationing?

A

There is a system with defined rules as to who gets what

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is implicit rationing?

A

There are no clearly defined reasons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are some problems with implicit rationing?

A

Open to abuse
Discrimination
Doctors don’t like doing it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the pros/cons of explicit rationing?

A

GOOD: transparent, evidence based, equitable
BAD: complex, patient/professional hostility, reduction of clinical freedom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is scarcity?

A

Healthcare needs are greater than resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is efficiency?

A

Maximising the impact of limited resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is equity?

A

Distributing resources fairly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is effectiveness?

A

To what degree an intervention produces the desired outcome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is utility?

A

The value an individual places on a health state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is an opportunity cost?

A

Once a resource has been used in one way it can’t be used in another, creating an opportunity cost based in this loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is cost minimisation analysis?

A

If two interventions have equal benefit, which is cheaper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is cost effectiveness analysis?

A

Is the extra benefit of an intervention worth the extra cost?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is cost/benefit analysis?

A

Comparing inputs and outputs of an intervention in monetary terms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is cost utility analysis?

A

Comparison of cost per QUALY gained

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a QUALY?

A

a Quality Adjusted Life Year

1 year at 100% health = 1 QUALY

17
Q

How may QoL be measured?

A

A generic HR-QoL instrument e.g. EQ-5D

18
Q

Can QUALYs be shared?

A

YES THEY CAN!!

e.g. 1 QUALY = 0.5 yr of 100% health for two people

19
Q

At what value will NICE approve treatments?

A

Less than £20, 000 = usually approved
£20 to 30, 000 = judgement used
Greater than £30, 000 = needs a strong case

20
Q

What are some issues with QUALYs?

A

May disadvantage common conditions
Rationing by cost rather than need
RCT evidence for treatments is not perfect

HADSOC (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions