resonance and damping Flashcards
1
Q
what is a free oscillation?
A
- an oscillation in which there are no external forces, system oscillates at natural frequency
- no energy’s transfer to or from surroundings
2
Q
what is a forced oscillation?
A
- an oscillation in which a periodic external force is applied, system may oscillate at driving frequency of force
3
Q
what is meant by natural frequency?
A
- frequency at which a system oscillates when not driven or damped
4
Q
when does resonance occur?
A
- when Fd = Fn
5
Q
what does resonance cause?
A
- causes maximum amplitude of oscillations
- energy transfer is most efficient ( E < A^2)
- amplitude sharply increases
- phase diference of pi / 2 radians
6
Q
what is meant by damping
A
- force that opposes the motion ( opposite direction to v )
- causes energy loss over time
7
Q
what occurs in light damping?
A
- amplitude GRADUALLY decreases
- decaying oscillations
8
Q
what occurs in CRITICAL damping?
A
- system returns to equilibrium in shortest time without oscillating
- NO OSCCILATIONS OCCUR
9
Q
what occurs in HEAVY damping?
A
- system returns to equilibrium SLOWLY without oscillating
