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CP2 > Resistance Training: Types (wk 6) > Flashcards

Resistance Training: Types (wk 6) Flashcards

1
Q

What type of exercise is a dynamic exercise against constant external resistance (DCER) (isotonic)?

A

Constant resistant exercises

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2
Q

What is the limitation of DCER?

A

working muscle is only maximally challenged at one point during the arc of motion

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3
Q

What is the current main form of exercise prescription utilized?

A

Constant resistant exercises (DCER)

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4
Q

What type of resistance is hydraulic or pneumatic machines that impose variable levels of resistance using a pulley and weight system?

A

Variable resistance

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5
Q

Elastic band exercises can broadly be considered what type of resistance training?

A

Variable resistance

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6
Q

What type of resistance is when velocity of resistance is kept constant throughout the entire joint’s range of motion (therefore the velocity of the muscle shortening or lengthening is kept constant during exercise)?

A

Isokinetic

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7
Q

Pros of isokinetic training:

A
  1. Can exercise at a wide range of velocities
  2. Specific velocities of training that correlate to specific tasks and function
  3. Concentric and/or eccentric contractions
  4. The resistance applied = the force being applied by the extremity, this may allow for patient to perform increased # of repetitions as fatigue begins to set in
  5. Accommodate exercise to pain, less resistance through the painful arc, but still allowing for repetitions to occur
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8
Q

Cons of isokinetic training:

A
  1. Limited evidence of how this training carries over into function
  2. Isolation of a single muscle and is uniplanar
  3. Does not involve weight bearing
  4. Patient cannot typically carry over isokinetic programs
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9
Q

Open chain exercise -

A

Distal segments are free to move in space without necessitating simultaneous motions at other joints

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10
Q

Closed chain exercise -

A

motions where body moves on distal segments that is fixed or stabilized on a support surface; typically performed in weight bearing positions

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11
Q

T/F Evidence supports use of both open and closed chain exercises in your treatment planning and intervention, since functional daily activities incorporate both types of movement

A

True

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12
Q

Open chain or closed chain?

May be superior in isolating one muscle group

A

Open

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13
Q

Open chain or closed chain?

greater level of control (more advantage in early stages of rehab)

A

Open

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14
Q

Open chain or closed chain?

Increased likelihood for substitution due to multiple joints moving

A

Close

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15
Q

Open chain or closed chain?

Option for those who have limited weight bearing status

A

open

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16
Q

Open chain or closed chain?

may have improved carry over for those with postural weakness

A

Closed

17
Q

Open chain or closed chain?

less shear force and leads to increased stability of joint

A

Closed

18
Q

Open chain or closed chain?

Better for those with soft tissue inflammation or pain

A

Open

19
Q

Open chain or closed chain?

weight bearing position stimulate mechano and proprioceptors -> activate agonists and antagonists -> better stability

A

closed

20
Q

Open chain or closed chain?

Can be more easily replicated for initial exercise program

A

Open

21
Q

Open chain or closed chain?

May have better outcomes for those working to improve balance

A

closed

22
Q

Progression of % body weight of closed chain exercises:

A
  1. Aquatics, parallel bars, harness, wall push up

2. full weight bearing, weighted vest, cuff weights

23
Q

Progression of base of support of closed chain exercises:

A
  1. Wide, bilateral, firm surface

2. narrow, unilateral, BOSU

24
Q

Progression of balance of closed chain exercises:

A
  1. external support with eyes open

2. w/o external support with eyes closed

25
Q

Progression of plane of movement of closed chain exercises:

A
  1. unidirectional, anterior directed movement

2. multiplanar, backward, step ups, change in height

26
Q

Progression of speed of closed chain exercises:

A
  1. slow

2. fast

27
Q

General guidelines for manual resistance: (4)

A
  1. Body mechanics
  2. Limb close to you for control
  3. Gradual resistance
  4. Verbal commands
28
Q

Advantages of manual resistance: (4)

A
  1. Early rehab
  2. Fine tuning with grading resistance
  3. Challenge muscle through entire ROM
  4. Static or dynamic
29
Q

Disadvantages of manual resistance: (5)

A
  1. Exercise load is subjective
  2. Resistance applied limited to strength of therapist
  3. Not safe at higher speeds
  4. Not useful for transition to HEP
  5. Not practical for improving muscular endurance
30
Q

Advantages of mechanical resistance training: (5)

A
  1. Objective
  2. Intermediate - advanced stages of rehab
  3. Builds muscular endurance (higher reps)
  4. Variable resistance/velocities
  5. Carried over into HEP
31
Q

Disadvantages of mechanical resistance training: (3)

A
  1. Not appropriate with weak muscles or soft tissues in early stages of healing
  2. Max challenge at one point during ROM
  3. Expensive machines
32
Q

Advantages of Free and Pulley weight training: (5)

A
  1. Positions easily varied
  2. Stabilizing muscles required
  3. Multiple movements patterns feasible
  4. Small increments of change
  5. Can be incorporated into HEP
33
Q

Disadvantages of Free and Pulley weight training: (4)

A
  1. Longer for appropriate form and correct alignment to be achieved
  2. Ensure controlled movement to minimize risk of joint injury
  3. Slow/control movements may not carry over to quick functional activities
  4. Spotter necessary when heavy
34
Q

Elastic resistance exercise provides what type of resistance through properties of elongation?

A

Variable resistance

35
Q

Advantages of elastic resistance exercises: (6)

A
  1. Portable
  2. Inexpensive
  3. Easy HEP
  4. Safe to exercise at higher velocities
  5. Multiple planes of movement
  6. No external stabilization = postural challenge
36
Q

Disadvantages of elastic resistance exercises:

A
  1. Replaced routinely
  2. Latex allergy precautions
  3. Lack of standardized resistance = harder to document
37
Q

Appropriate length of elastic resistance bands>

A

Long enough so that when the band is secure at both ends there is no tension at the start of an exercise

38
Q

T/F Important to educate the patient that there is a required balance of stability with active mobility for optimal performance or goal achievement

A

True

39
Q

T/F Resistance training in any rehabilitative setting should be related to function

A

True

CP2 (20 decks)

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