Resistance to the Regime

Question 1

Resistance

Limits on Resistance

5, 2H.

Answer 1

1. July 1933, political parties banned,
2. May 1933, TUs banned.
3. Fear of violence incl. concentration camps, Gestapo and SS spies.
4. NOLK eliminated opp.
5. Censorship and propaganda.

HIDEN - dissent and non-conformity widespread, reisstance not.
KERSHAW - resistance, opposition and dissent.

Question 2

Resistance

Army Resistance

3, 2H.

Answer 2

1. General Beck - chiefs-of-staff resignation over Hitler extremism - planned Berlin march and coup during Czech crisis.
2. General Oster - told UK to oppose Hitler - sent plans to UK - in contact with TUs.
3. Abwehr’s Admiral Canaris - helped Jews flee with fake papers - opposed to religious persecution - info to UK/US spies.

GOERITZ - Abwehr = central
DULLES - Abwehr = 5% were opposed.

Question 3

Resistance

Youth Resistance

3, 0H.

Answer 3

1. White Rose Group - distributed anti-Nazi leaflets - supported non-violent resistance.
2. Red Orchestra - gave info to USSR - vandalisma and strikes.
3. Swing Kids - listened to American Jazz.
4. Edelweiss Pirates - refused to join HY or army, attacked Nazi officers - sheltered deserters.

Question 4

Resistance

Socialist Resistance

3, 3H.

Answer 4

1. SPD - voted against EA - ‘Socialist Action’ np spread socialist ideas - Red Strike Troops, 3000 undergournd resistance, fortnight newspaper on Nazi abuse - geroge Elser tried to blow up Hitler in 1939.
2. KPD - large street dem when H Chancellor - Red Flag, 30,000 members, KPD paper, millions of anti-Nazi leaflets on mistreatment.
3. Workers - 1936, 5000 shipyard walkout during H speech - sabotage equipment and work slow/strike - refused to salute.

TRAD - orgs and groups- resistance limited.
REV - focus on low level
KIRK - workers contained not integrated.

Question 5

Resistance

Church Resistance

3, 0H.

Answer 5

1. German Chirstians - try to combine with Nazis - 2/3 in Nazi uniform 1933.
2. Confessional Church - wanted Prot non-political - BONHOFFER broadcast critiques + encouraged trainees to reject Nazism.
3. Catholic Church - LICHTENBERG - protested cc and Kristallnacht - Papacy signed Concordat, accepted Nazism - Bavaria “God greet you” + Bav flag - GALEN public criticisms.