Resistance 2

Question 1

Reversibility principle
What is reversibility principle?
How soon does it start?

Answer 1

Changes made through strength and training are short-lived unless training induced changes are used regularly for functional activities or unless individuals participate in a maintenance program resistance exercise. If gains are not used, they are lost.

Detraining begins within a week or two after stopping a resistance exercise program.

Question 2

Skeletal muscle adaptation

What can affect the muscle’s ability to develop and sustain tension? 6

Answer 2

Energy store, fatigue, recovery from exercise, age, gender, and cognitive status.

Question 3

Defined muscle fatigue

Answer 3

Diminished response of muscle to repeated stimulus and reflected in the progressive decrease in the muscles ability to fire. People begin to cheat the action.

Question 4

Name some signs of fatigue 6

Answer 4

Discomfort or pain,
tremors in contracting muscle,
jerky active movements,
inability to complete the movement,
use of substitution motions (cheating), and
decline in peak torque with isokinetic testing.

Question 5

what is the one thing you must have during recovery?
What may aid in recovery and why?
What is the number one thing that facilitates long-term improvement in muscle performance?

Answer 5

Adequate time for recovery.

Light exercise may aid recovery due to neural and circulatory influence.

Long-term improvement in muscle performance is only achieved if the patient is allowed adequate time to recover from fatigue.

Question 6

What is exercise dosage? 5

Answer 6

Intensity
Volume
Frequencyy
Duration
Rest interval

Question 7

What are determinants in Resistance Exercise? 7

Answer 7

Alignment
Stabilization
Dosage
Mode
Velocity
Periodization
Integration of exercise

Question 8

What must be avoided in alignment and stabilization?

What is the intensity, and how much is too much?

Answer 8

Watch for cheating and substitutions because the pt will compensate.

INtensity-the amount of resistance imposed on the contracting muscle during each repetition of an exercise.
It should never be so great as to cause pain!!!

Question 9

Define Volume

How should exercises be Ordered?

Answer 9

The summation of the total number of repetitions and sets of a particular exercise during a single exercise session multiplied by the resistance used.

Order impacts muscle fatigue.
Large muscle groups before small, multi-joint to single joint…Higher intensity to lower intensity. (Do big compound muscle groups first, then move to smaller groups/individual muscles.)

Question 10

Determinants of Resistance Exercise
What is Frequency?
What is it dependent on?

Duration–how long is a duration?

Answer 10

Number of exercise sessions per day or week.
Dependent on intensity and volume.

Duration–Total number of weeks or months during which a resistance exercise program in carried out.

Question 11

Determinants of Resistance Exericise
Define Rest Interval

Define Modes of Exercise

Answer 11

Rest interval–Critical element, necessary to allow time for the body to recuperate from the acute effects of exercise associated with muscle fatigue or to offset adverse responses such as muscle soreness.

Modes of exercise–Refers to the form of exercise, type of contraction, and manner it’s carried out.
Should mimic desired functional activity.

Question 12

Determinants of Resistance Exercise
Velocity of exercise–what is it? What does it affect?

Periodization–Define…do we get to do this with out patients?

Answer 12

Velocity–Speed at which the muscle contracts.
Affects muscle tension which affects muscular strength and endurance.

Periodization–Builds systematic variations in exercise intensity and repetitions, sets, or frequency at regular intervals over a specified period of time.
No. we don’t have them long enough.

Question 13

Determinants of Resistance Exercise

Integration of Function*** What 3 aspects of muscle fitness does it combine? What kind of movements are optimal?

Answer 13

Balance of strength, power, endurance

Task-specific movement patterns during resistance–related to goals.

Question 14

Define the two types of resistance exercises, and when they are appropriate.

Manual resistance

Mechanical resistance

Answer 14

Manual–active-resistive exercise provided by therapist. Use in early stages of rehab.
Mechanical–active-resistive exercise provided by equipment or a mechanical apparatus. Use when manual therapy is no longer effective.

Question 15

Isometric Exercise define

Answer 15

A static form of exercise in which a muscle contracts and produces force without changing length or moving the joint.

Question 16

Isometrics can be divided into what 3 categories?

Answer 16

Muscle setting
stabilization
multi-angle isometrics.

Question 17

Describe Muscle setting isometrics
what type of contraction?
Resistance?
Where does it fall on isometric continuum.
What does it treat as a modality?
What does it not improve?
What does it slow and what does it maintain?

Answer 17

Low intensity contraction (sub-maximal)
Very low resistance (trying to wake muscle up).
Beginning of isometric continuum.
Used to decrease pain and spasm, promote relaxation and circulation after injury to soft tissue during acute stages of healing. pumping moves circulation.
Does not improve strength except in ultra-weak muscles.
Can retard atrophy and maintain mobility of muscle fibers.

Question 18

Stabilization Isometrics.
What is ti?
How do you do it?

Answer 18

Putting a patient in position, and then giving them resistance from varying angles isometrically.

Can be done in antigravity and weight bearing, such as a pushup, and then add forces to the appendage through the body.

Question 19

Multi-angle Isometrics
how is resistance applied?
What angle or angles?
What is the goal? WHy do we do it?

Answer 19

Resistance is applied manually or mechanically.
Multiple angles through ROM.
The goal is increased strength throughout range when joint ROM is permissible bur dynamic exercise is painful or inadvisable .

Question 20

Isometric exercise: rationale and indications
What does it prevent?
What does it activate and re-establish?
When thinking about whole body and balance?
What can it improve?

Answer 20

To prevent or minimize muscle atrophy and joint movement is not possible.
TO activate muscles to begin to re-establish neuromuscular control when mvt is contraindicated.
To develop postural and joint stability.
To improve muscle strength when movement could cause pain or compromise joint integrity
To develop static muscle strength at particular points in ROM needed for specific task.