Research Methods Recap Flashcards
Define research
Creative and systematic work undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge
A systematic process used to investigate something that we know little or nothing about
Why is research important?
- it allows gaps in evidence to be addressed
- answers important research questions
- creates a deeper understanding of complex clinical problems
What are the 3 components of evidence based practice?
- clinical expertise
- best research evidence
- patient values & circumstances
Define reliability
The consistency or repeatability of a measurement
Define validity
The extent to which a study shows what it purports to (how true/ how correct)
Define generalisability (external validity)
The ability to generalise study findings to other contexts (population, settings)
Define bias
Any systematic error in a study that results in an incorrect estimate of the true effect of an exposure on the outcome of interest
Define independent variable
The factor that will be changed or controlled during the study
Define dependent variable
The factor that will be measured during the study
Define quantitative
Using data and numbers and results
Define qualitative
Using words, interviews, questionnaires, thoughts and feelings
Define mixed methods
Combination of both methods
What are some different research designs?
- randomised controlled trials
- quasi-experimental design
- cohort study
- cross sectional study
- systematic review
- meta analysis
Define experimental studies
Intervention of the researcher, observation of what happens
Define observational studies
Subjects are observed, no action from the researcher
Define critical appraisal
The process of carefully and systematically examining research to judge its trustworthiness and its value and relevance in particular context
Define research ethics
Ethics, or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that seeks to address questions if morality
Define morality
Morality refers to beliefs or standards about concepts like good and bad, right and wrong
What are the 4 Georgetown principles?
- autonomy
- beneficence
- non-malficence
- justice
Define autonomy
Ability to decide for oneself
Define beneficence
To do good
Define non-maleficence
To do no harm
Define justice
Acting fairly
