Research Methods: Chapters 5 Flashcards
What are the 3 Types of Measures?
- Self-report
-Behavioral/Observational - Physiological (Body Responses)
Answering the way we think we are “supposed” to is known as _____?
Social Desirability Bias
What are the 4 scales of measurements?
- Nominal
- Ordinal
- Interval
- Ratio
What is nominal?
- No numerical/quantitive properties
- Levels represent different categories or groups
ex. What is your favorite color? Blue, Green, or Pink
What is ordinal?
- Order the levels from lowest to highest (Ranking)
ex. Rank these on a scale from 1-10 (using all the numbers)
What is interval?
- Intervals between levels are equal in size
- Can be summarized means
- No absolute zero
ex. How satisfied are you on a scale from 1-10 (using one number)
What is Ratio?
- Equal intervals
- Absolute zero
- Can be summarized using mean
ex. How much do you weigh?
What is Reliability?
What is Validity?
Reliability = Consistency
Validity = Accuracy
What is the Margin of Error?
The chance of getting the same number (error) again.
What are the 3 Reliability measures?
- Test-Retest Reliability
- Interrater Reliability
- Internal Reliability
Explain Test-Retest reliability
A researcher gets consistent results every time they use the measure.
Explain Interrater reliability
Consistent scores are obtained no matter who measures the variable.
Explain Internal reliability
A participant gives consistent patterns or answers, no matter how the question is phrased.
What is the difference between the 4 Validities and Validity
The 4 Validities are in terms of the study as a whole
Validity is specific to our measure.
What is a Correlation Coefficient (r)
It indicates how close the dots on a scatterplot are to a line drawn through them.
What are the 3 Slope Directions or relationships between the variables?
- Positive (/)
- Negative ()
- Zero (-)
What does the Strength of a relationship represent?
How much of a relationship there is between two variables.
What is Face Validity?
It looks like what you want to measure.
What is Content Validity?
The measure contains all the parts that your theory says it should contain.
What is Criterion Validity?
Your measure is correlated with a relevant behavioral outcome.
What is Convergent Validity?
Your self-report measure is strongly associated with self-report measures of similar constructs.
What is Discriminant Validity?
Your self-report measure is less strongly associated with self-report measures of dissimilar constructs
