Research methods and techniques Flashcards
DIFFERENT TYPES OF EXPERIMENTS?
- Lab experiment.
- Field experiment.
- Quasi experiment.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF OBSERVATION?
- Structured
- Unstructured
- Naturalistic
- Controlled
- Participant
- Non-participant
- Overt
- Covert
DIFFERENT TYPES OF SELF REPORT?
- Questionnaire
- Interviews: semi-structured, structured and unstructured
DIFFERENT TYPES OF CORRELATION?
- Positive
- Negative
- No correlation
WHAT IS A LAB EXPERIMENT?
A lab exp is when the IV is manipulated directly by the researcher in a controlled environment.
ADVANTAGES OF A LAB EXPERIMENT?
Experimenter is more likely to infer a cause and effect relationship as they can control extraneous variables.
Its highly standardised as variables can be kept constant.
DISADVANTAGES OF A LAB EXPERIMENT?
Increase of demand characteristics as ps may behave differently and the investigator affects results.
Lacks ecological validity because its practically difficult to create a lab setting which reflects a real life scenario.
WHAT IS A FIELD EXPERIMENT?
Natural environment - IV manipulated in an everyday life setting.
ADVANTAGES OF A FIELD EXPERIMENT?
If ps are unaware that their behaviour is being monitored there will be demand characteristics displayed so data is more valid.
Behaviour is taking place in a real life environment therefore results are more ecologically valid.
DISADVANTAGES OF A FIELD EXPERIMENT?
Lack of control and standardisation over the research setting makes replication difficult which may then cause problems to do with reliability of results.
It may be practically difficult or/and unethical for researchers to gather data intrusively.
WHAT IS A QUASI EXPERIMENT?
IV is naturally occurring, the IV isn’t manipulated but two conditions are compared to see if there is a difference.
ADVANTAGES OF A QUASI EXPERIMENT?
This method can be conducted in either lab or field depending upon what is being investigated.
This method can point to a cause and effect relationship in rare or atypical behaviour that are otherwise difficult to study.
DISADVANTAGES OF A QUASI EXPERIMENT?
Because the IV is naturally reoccurring the ps cannot be randomly allocated to conditions therefore the p variable are often uncontrolled and can be confound results unless matched pairs design is used.
It may be practically difficult to find the naturally occurring IV due to its rarity.
