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Psychology paper 1 > Research Methods > Flashcards

Research Methods Flashcards

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1
Q

independent measures design

A

each participant is is different and randomly allocated to a condition

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2
Q

repeated measures design

A

each of our participants carries out the experiment twice - once in each of our groups

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3
Q

independent variable

A

the thing that the psychologist manipulates, e.g. amount of sleep

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4
Q

dependent variable

A

the thing that the psychologist measures, e.g. sweat produced

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5
Q

directional

A

this is when a hypothesis has a clear aim e.g. will significantly increase

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6
Q

non-directional

A

this is when a hypothesis has two possible outcomes e.g. there will be a significant difference

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7
Q

opportunity sample

A

these are the people who are available and willing to take part in your research

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8
Q

volunteer sample

A

asking for participants to self-select & take part in your research

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9
Q

systematic sample

A

collect a group of people and then chose a set amount and identify them in a systematic way e.g. every 3rd person

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10
Q

target population

A

a smaller group of people are a representative of the whole population

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11
Q

randomisation

A

random allocation or ordering

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12
Q

what are the 5 types of sampling?

A

random, opportunity, volunteer, systematic and stratified

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13
Q

integrity

A

when a psychologist should be honest and accurate

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14
Q

competence

A

psychologist should maintain high standards in their professional work

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15
Q

presumptive consent

A

a group of people with similar interest decide wether its appropriate for others to be part of an experiment

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16
Q

prior-general consent

A

participants are recruited before the experiment they are told they will be deceived but they are to told when

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17
Q

retrospective consent

A

consent from after the experiment is done

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18
Q

consent

A

when someone agrees to be apart of an experiment and if there details or results can be used in the conclusion

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19
Q

name the 3 types of consent

A

presumptive consent, prior general consent and retrospective consent

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20
Q

participants should be aware they are allowed to … at anytime

A

withdraw

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21
Q

debriefing

A

done after an experiment to discuss if they’re any side effects

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22
Q

protection

A

participants should be protected from any physical or psychological harm

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23
Q

what age must someone to Gove consent to being in a study?

A

16

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24
Q

name the 4 BPS pillars

A

respect, competence, responsibility and integrity

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25
Q

name the 6 parts of research ethics?

A

consent, deception, confidentiality, debriefing, withdrawal and protection

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26
Q

a pilot test

A

a smaller test version of the actual experiment to check the investigation runs smoothly

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27
Q

what are the 3 measures of central tendency?

A

mean, median and mode

28
Q

what are the 2 measures of dispersion?

A

range and standard deviation

29
Q

name the 2 control of variables?

A

confounding variables and extraneous variables

30
Q

hypothesis can be: (3 things)

A

directional, non-directional and operationalised

31
Q

naturalistic observation

A

the experiment is taking place in the natural habitat of where the behavior would usually take place

32
Q

controlled observation

A

the experiment is taking place in a controlled environment for example a lab

33
Q

covert observation

A

the participants are unaware that they are part of an experiment (under cover)

34
Q

overt observation

A

the participants are aware they are being part of an experiment and have given consent to be included

35
Q

participant observation

A

the researcher becomes part of the experiment as well as the participants

36
Q

non-participant observation

A

the researcher just watches the experiment and doesn’t become involved at all

37
Q

a likert scale

A

strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree, strongly disagree

38
Q

rank order scale

A

very entertaining 1 2 3 4 5 not entertaining at all

39
Q

checklist questions

A

tick all those that apply

40
Q

dichotomous questions

A

they only offer two answers e.g. yes/no

41
Q

semantic differential questions

A

this type of question has two bipolar terms and the participant is asked to respond by indicating a point between the two which represents there strength of feeling

42
Q

name the 6 types of ethics

A

consent, harm, confidentiality, debrief, withdraw, deception

43
Q

can you ever deceive someone?

A

yes

44
Q

whats an aim?

A

question- general purpose of study

45
Q

what are the 5 types of sampling?

A

systematic, random, stratified, volunteer and opportunity

46
Q

self reports can be a..? (2 things)

A

questionare or interview

47
Q

self report questionnaires can be (2 things)

A

open and closed

48
Q

self report interviews can be (3 things)

A

structured, semi-structured and not structured

49
Q

obervations are 3 of 6 things. what are the 6 things?

A

covert, overt, participant, nonparticipant, natural, controlled

50
Q

there are 3 types of data, they are?

A

nominal, ordinal, interval

51
Q

whats nominal data?

A

categories e.g. flavour biscuit

52
Q

whats ordinal data?

A

first to last e.g. chronological order

53
Q

what is interval data?

A

measured in fixed units e.g. temperature in centigrade

54
Q

whats the two types of order effects?

A

practice, fatigue

55
Q

what is the practice order effect?

A

this is when the same person takes the same test more than once and therefore is advantaged

56
Q

what is the fatigue order effect?

A

when the participant may be taking the test very late at night or very early in the morning or after a lack of sleep therefore cannot complete the test to the best of there ability

57
Q

what happens in a peer review?

A

the researcher completes a hypothesis and a pilot study and completes the experiment then a journalist writes the report of the experiment which is then sent to another professional checks for errors. the 3 things that can then happen to report is it can be rejected, accepted or given recommendations

58
Q

name the 5 things that peer review test for

A

publish-ability, validity, appropriate, significance and originality

59
Q 
what does:
Peer 
Views 
Are
So
Overrated
stand for
A

publish-ability, validity, appropriate, significance and originality

60
Q

experiment types are? (4)

A

quazi, field, lab,natural

61
Q

what is a quazi experiment

A

the independent variable is natural

62
Q

what is a natural experiment

A

uncontrolled

63
Q

what is a lab experiment

A

controlled environment

64
Q

what is a field experiment

A

it takes place in the natural setting

65
Q

co-variables, scattergraphs, positives negatives and zero, no cause and relationships are all part of?

A

correlation

Psychology paper 1 (5 decks)

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