Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AS Psychology > Research Methods > Flashcards

Research Methods Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Correlation coefficient

A

The extent to which two variables share a relationship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Counterbalancing

A

In repeated measures designs, half the participants do conditions in one particular order and the other half do the conditions in the opposite order to prevent order effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cover observation

A

An observation where participants don’t know they’re being observed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Demand characteristics

A

A problem with studies where participants change their behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Dependent variable

A

The variable which you measure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Directional hypothesis (one tailed)

A

A prediction which states the direction of the difference between variables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ecological validly

A

The extent to which the results of a test can be generalised to the real world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Event sampling

A

Consists of the researcher recording an event every time it happens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

External validity

A

The extent to which the results of a test can be generalised either to other people or to real life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Extraneous variable

A

Things you try to control to make the experiment fair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Field study

A

A study which takes place in a natural setting with manipulation of the IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Independent groups design

A

A design where different participants complete different conditions of the IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Internal validity

A

The extent to which the test is really measuring what it sets out to measure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Inter rarer reliability

A

Consistency of results between rafters or observers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Lab study

A

A study that has control over the IV in an artificial surrounding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Matched pairs design

A

A design where different participants are matched so they were similar. They complete different independent variables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Mean

A

Measure of central tendency

Add u all scores and divide by how many there are

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Median

A

Measure of central tendency

Shows the middle value

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Meta analysis

A

A way of drawing all the data from studies in a topic area together to make overall conclusions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Mode

A

Measure of central tendency

Shows the most frequent value

21
Q

Nominal data

A

Numerical data which can be put into categories

22
Q

Non directional hypothesis (two tailed)

A

A prediction which states there will be a difference between variable but doesn’t state in which direction

23
Q

Normal distribution

A

Most scores lie close to the mean with significantly higher and lower scores being less frequent. The spread of the scores is ‘bell shaped’ and symmetrical

24
Q

Null hypothesis

A

A prediction that states there will be no difference or no relationship between 2 variables

25
Q

Operationalising

A

Making variables into something which can be manipulated or measured. These variables must be precisely defined.

26
Q

Opportunity sampling

A

Sampling done by choosing the people you have available

Often leads to biased or unrepresentative sample

27
Q

Order effects

A

A limitation of repeated measures design where participants either gain practise or become tired by repeated testing

28
Q

Pilot study

A

Small scale study used to test if there are any methodological or ethical issues with an experiment

29
Q

Population validity

A

Th extent to which the results of a test can be generalised to other people

30
Q

Qualitative date

A

Non numerical, rich data

Language

31
Q

Quantitative data

A

Numerical data

32
Q

Quasi experiment

A

A study in which the researcher has non manipulated the IV but it has altered naturally

Eg Rutter’s Romanian study

33
Q

Questionnaires

A

A self report method of collecting data

34
Q

Primary data

A

Data collected specifically towards a research aim

35
Q

Random sampling

A

Sampling where each member of the target population has an equal chance of being selected

36
Q

Range

A

Measure of dispersion which subtracts the lowest value from the highest

37
Q

Reliability

A

Consistency of results

38
Q

Repeated measures design

A

A design where the same participants complete the different conditions of the IV

39
Q

The screw you effect

A

Where participants guess the aim of the experiment and attempt to act in a way which disrupts the experiment

40
Q

Semi structured interview

A

An int review which has some set questions but allows for follow up questions to gain rich data

41
Q

Social desirability bias

A

When participants change their behaviour to appear more desirable

42
Q

Standard deviation

A

Measure of diversion

Shows the average amount of scores differ from the mean

43
Q

Standardised instructions

A

All instructions are written the same so the experiment is fair

44
Q

Systematic sampling

A

A sampling technique where you take a participant in an ordered fashion

Eg choosing every 5th customer who enters a shop

45
Q

Time sampling

A

Occurs when the researcher decides on a time and then records the bahaviour occurring at that time

Eg every 30 seconds

46
Q

Unstructured interview

A

An interview with no pre planned structured questions

47
Q

Validity

A

The extent to which you are truly testing what you set out to test

48
Q

Case study

A

A rich, detailed study of one person or group.

AS Psychology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions