Attachment Exam Questions Flashcards
With reference to Abdul’s conversation, outline two features of care giver interaction
One feature is reciprocity which is when babies and carers mutually respond to each other’s behaviour. They are responsive and sensitive to each other. This is shown when Tanseem smiles.
Another feature is interactional synchrony which is the detailed mimicry and mirroring between career and baby which forms the early basis of attachments
Explain how such observational research night be refined through the use of behavioural categories
Behavioural categories allow observers to tally observations into pre arranged groupings.
Using categories provides clear focus for the researcher
Use of categories should result in greater reliability
Categories provide data which is easier to analyse.
They allow more objective data.
What is meant be overt observation?
Where the observer is clearly visible
Outline the procedure used in one study of animal attachment
Lorenz took a clutch of gosling eggs laid at the same time. He then randomly split them in half. One half hatched with the mother as normal and the other half hatched where the first thing they saw moving was Lorenz.
All the goslings were then put together with both Lorenz and the mother present.
Lorenz found that the goslings would follow him if he was the first thing they saw moving and they would follow the mother if she was the first thing they saw moving.
Imprinting seemed to occur between 4 and 25 hours after hatching. This seemed to be a critical period. After this time, the goslings found it hard to form a bond,
Lorenz work supports the theory that attachment formation may have a biological basis as the tendency to imprint occurs so early that it appears to be biologically programmed. It also supports that there are critical periods for attachment formation.
Finally it supports that early attachments can affect later adult life. The goslings attempted to mate with Lorenz
Explain what is meant by institutionalisation
This is the negative effects of being in an institution on behaviour or emotion. People may start to lose their sense of their own identity and conform to the norms of the institution.mif children are raised in institutions it may affect their physical and emotion development and they may start to copy the disturbed behaviour of the other children.
Explains limitation of animal studies
One limitation relates to the generalisability from animals to humans. Many infant animals mature and develop more quickly than human babies. Therefore, the attachment processed in other animals may be more instinctive than in humans where there is more time to learn attachments. Consequently, studies off attachment in animals like monkeys may overemphasise the role of nature in attachments in humans.
