research methods Flashcards
paper 2
explain an independent groups design
each pps takes part in one condition, compare it to a control group
explain a matched pairs design
pps matched on a similar / same variable that relates to the experiment, split them into separate groups
explain a repeated measures design
each pp takes part in both or all conditions of the experiment.
give 2 strengths of independent measures design
. no order effects
.reduced chance of demand characteristics
give 2 strengths of the repeated measures design
.fewer pps needed (economical)
.no participant variables
give 2 strengths of a matched pairs design
.reduced risk of demand characteristics
.reduced individual variables.
give 2 weaknesses of an independent measures design
.less economical
.pps variables
give 2 weaknesses of a matched pairs design
.more pps needed
.time consuming
give 2 weaknesses of a repeated measures design
.demand characteristics
.order effects
what are the 6 key terms in experimental design?
demand characteristics
economical
counterbalancing
order effects
random allocation
participant variables
what are the 3 types of experimental design?
independent measures
matched pairs
repeated measures
what are confounding variables?
a variable that influences the result, other than the independent variable that effects both the iv and dv
what is standardisation
using exactly the same formalised procedures and instructions for all pps
what is a hypothesis
a testable statement which predicts how one variable will influence another.
“students who eat 2 squares of chocolate before a memory test will remember more words in 10 minutes than those who had no chocolate”
what are extraneous variables?
any variable that you are not investigating/ controlling that will effect results
