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approaches Flashcards

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1
Q

outline the behaviourist approach

A

tabula rasa (blank slate)
classical and operant conditioning
pavlov and skinner
observable and measurable evidence only
highly controlled labs

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2
Q

evaluate the behaviourist app

A

real life application (treatment)
scientific credibility (p+s)

deterministic
animal study research

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3
Q

outline social learning theory

A

observation and imitation
models
vicarious reinforcement
behaviour-consequence
observational learning
considers cognition
bandura and bobo doll

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4
Q

evaluate social learning theory

A

less reductionist

deterministic
designed to hit bobo?

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5
Q

outline cognitive approach

A

focus on internal mental processes
inference
schemas
reliant on labs
computer model
multi-store model of memory
cognitive neuroscience
brain and mind seperate

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6
Q

explain the computer analogy

A

input (via senses and environment)
processing (encoded by schema)
output (observable behaviour)

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7
Q

the multi-store model of memory

A

sensory register-attention
short term memory-transfer
long term memory-retrieval
rehersal in short term

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8
Q

schema theory

A

beliefs, experiences, expectations
packages of information
expand as we mature

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9
Q

evaluate cognitive app

A

scientific methodology
application to treatment of mental illness

reductionist
methodological issues (inference)

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10
Q

outline biological approach

A

how genes, hormones, evolution and nervous system effect behaviour
treatments can be developed (antidepressants)
remove/replace unwanted behaviours
twin and adoption studies

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11
Q

what are non identical twins called

A

dizygotic

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12
Q

evaluate the biological approach

A

scientific methods
(measurable and objective)
biological treatments can be made

reductionist and only wants to focus on biology

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13
Q

outline the humanistic approach

A

Maslows hierarchy of need
offers a less deterministic approach
hollistic
human experience, uniqueness,freedom
self actualisation

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14
Q

write the heirarchy of need in order

A

self actualisation
esteem needs
belongingness and love needs
safety needs
physiological needs

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15
Q

what Is congruence

A

when your ideal self and self concept align

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16
Q

what is unconditional positive regard?

A

unconditional love and acceptance of a person with no boundaries or limits

17
Q

what are conditions of worth

A

when a parent or significant other places limits or boundaries on their love for someone

18
Q

outline the psychodynamic approach

A

sigmund freud
unconscious processes of which we are unaware determine our behaviour
personality has 3 parts (tripartite)
early childhood experiences determine adult personality
abnormal behaviour is the result of mental conflict

19
Q

sections of the mind (psychodynamic)

A

conscious
preconscious
unconscious

20
Q

what are the three parts of the personality

A

ID (pleasure principle)
ego (reality principle)
superego (morality principle)

21
Q

what are the 3 defence mechanisms

A

repression
denial
displacement

22
Q

what are Freuds psychosexual stages?

A

oral 0-1 mouth
anal 1-3 anus
phallic 3-6 penis/clitoris
latency 6-11 repressed
genital 12+ genitals

23
Q

what were Freuds main experiments

A

little Hans
dream analysis
free association

24
Q

evaluate the psychodynamic approach

A

useful theory to explain abnormal behaviours
can be applied to real life
in depth and intensive

difficult to test
unscientific
subjective

25
Q

what is introspection? (origins)

A

method used by Wundt. to think about your actions and inner thoughts. when you examine what you do, say, think or feel and how it effects yourself and others

26
Q

what is structuralism?

A

the goal of Wundts research. focused on breaking down mental processes into the most basic components like emotions, sensations and thoughts

27
Q

evaluate Wundts role in the emergence of psychology

A

used a scientific method
released the first textbook of psychology
created the first psychology testing lab

demand characteristic risk
subjective rather than objective

psychology (3 decks)

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