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Psychology > Research methods > Flashcards

Research methods Flashcards

1
Q

TEACUP

A

Testable, empirical support, application, clearly defined, unbiased, predicts behaviour

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2
Q

Internal validity

A

Lack of confounding variables

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3
Q

Reliability

A

Consistency of measurement

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4
Q

Validity

A

The extent to which the researcher measures what they claim to be measuring

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5
Q

External validity

A

Can the findings be generalised

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6
Q

Epistemological reflexivity

A

The researcher reflects on how the study was carried out

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7
Q

Simple-blind procedure

A

Participants don’t know whether they are in the control or experimental group

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8
Q

Bi-directional ambiguity

A

Correlational, no IV, relationship between A and B is uncertain

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9
Q

Deception by omission

A

Participants aren’t fully informed

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10
Q

Deception by commission

A

Participants are lied to

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11
Q

CARDUD

A

Consent, anonymity, right to withdraw, deception, undue stress, debriefing

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12
Q

Case study method

A

very detailed investigation’s of an individual or small group of people, usually regarding an unusual phenomenon.

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13
Q

Inductive-content analysis

A

Qualitative research, analysing data and organising it into categories

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14
Q

Longitudinal

A

Over a long period of time

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15
Q

Cross sectional

A

Collecting data from a few participants in one point in time

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16
Q

Types of triangulation

A

method, data, researcher

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17
Q

Naturalistic

A

In naturalistic settings

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18
Q

Snowball sampling

A

participant knows people is part of a community and tells others ab the experiment

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19
Q

Random sampling

A

using a number generator etc. From a specified group

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20
Q

Stratified sampling

A

based on the ratio of people with certain characteristics in society

21
Q

haphazard sampling

A

Man on the street technique

22
Q

Self-selected sampling

A

volunteer

23
Q

Reductionist

A

Single characteristics/factors are analysed

24
Q

Retrospective

A

looks back on past behaviours

25
Q

Prospective

A

evaluates future behaviours

26
Q

Participant bias

A

demand characteristics, reactivity phenomenon, social desirability effect

27
Q

Personal reflexivity

A

researcher reflects on their own biases

28
Q

Order effects

A

Fatigue effects, screw you effects, practice effects

29
Q

Independent sample design

A

the conditions are applied to one group

30
Q

Matched pairs design

A

conditions are applied to one group but the groups are equivalent in terms of the characteristic

31
Q

Repeated measures

A

Identical conditions applied to everyone

32
Q

Participant attrition

A

participant dropout

33
Q

YAVIS bias

A

Young, attractive, verbal skills, intelligent, successful

34
Q

WEIRD bias

A

Western, educated, industrialised, rich, democratic

35
Q

Correlational study

A

non-experimental, researcher doesn’t control or manipulate any variables, co-variables

36
Q

Covert observation

A

participants aren’t aware they’re being watched

37
Q

Overt observation

A

participants know

38
Q

Participant observation

A

researcher is part of the group

39
Q

Time sampling

A

Notes are taken systematically, specific amount of time e.g. 3 min

40
Q

Event sampling

A

Notes made everytime a specific behaviour occurs

41
Q

World cafe method

A

participants discuss a topic in a small group at a table

42
Q

Focus group

A

participants are asked Q in a group setting, they’re body language is also interpreted

43
Q

Unstructured interview

A

A casual conversation between the researcher and the participant

44
Q

Semi-structured interview

A

Researcher asks (open-ended) questions, but they can be asked in varying order, may add additional Q

45
Q

Structured interview

A

List of (close-ended) questions in a specific order, quantitative data

46
Q

Peak-end rule

A

Individuals recall past events based on positives and negatives, cognitive bias

47
Q

Generalisability

A

The extent to which the findings can be applied to different settings, external validity, evaluated by the researcher

48
Q

Transferability

A

Readers apply certain findings of the study in their life

Psychology (3 decks)

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