Research Issues^ Flashcards
Investigator Effect
the researcher knowingly or not gives away the aim/answer/feelings so they change answers
contribute to demand characteristics
Pilot Studies
small trial of the experiment
- can make changes
- can see if it works
Single Blind Study
participant don’t know the aim/ conditions until end
- reduce demand characteristics
Double Blind Study
researcher and participants don’t know aim and conditions until end
- reduce demand characteristics and investigator bias
Control Groups
no control/ manipulation
- used as a comparison to changes
Randomisation
using chance to create order/ groups
used in independent groups
- avoids all similar participants in same group
Counterbalancing
randomisation
uses repeated measures to deal with order effect
do both conditions in diff order
Standardisation
briefing
instructions
debriefing
- give all details so there is informed consent, right to withdraw
Participant Variables
type of extraneous variables
individual difference
- age, gender, intelligence, personality
Situational Variables
type of extraneous variables
features of the experiment
- time of day, temperature, weather
Confounding Variables
extraneous variables that change systematically with the IV
- changes of DV could be because of CV not iV
Hawthrone Effect
type of demand characteristics
act differently if they know they are being observed
please-u-effect
- changes power to please researcher
screw-u-effect
- under performs to sabotage the results
Social Desirability
type of demand characteristics
changes answer because they want to be liked or fit in
