research issues

Question 1

extraneous variables

Answer 1

any variable, other than the IV, that may affect the DV, if it is not controlled

Question 2

confounding variables

Answer 2

a kind of EV but the key feature is that a confounding variable varies systematically with the IV

Question 3

demand characteristics

Answer 3

when a participant may figure out the aims of the study and then change their behaviour to fit with this

Question 4

investigator effects

Answer 4

any effect of the investigator’s behaviour on the research outcome

Question 5

randomisation

Answer 5

the use of chance methods to control for the effects of bias when designing materials and deciding the order of experimental conditions

Question 6

standardisation

Answer 6

using exactly the same formalised procedures and instructions for all participants in a research study