Research in Abnormal Psychology

Question 1

How are case studies helpful?

Answer 1

They can be a source of new ideas about behavior, open the way for new discoveries. They may offer tentative support for a their or challenge a theory’s assumptions. Also, case studies show the value of new therapeutic techniques.

Question 2

For the first half of the twentieth century, the cause of schizophrenia was thought to be:

Answer 2

inappropriate parenting

Question 3

When researchers wish to observe the same subjects on many occasions over a long period of time, they use a/an ____________ study.

Answer 3

longitudinal studies

Question 4

A correlation coefficient is symbolized by the letter:

Answer 4

r

Question 5

The Office for Human Research Protection was created to establish rules and guidelines for studies involving:

Answer 5

all human subjects

Question 6

A disorders ____________ includes both existing and new cases, while a disorders __________ refers only to new cases emerging during a period of time.

Answer 6

prevalence; incidence

Question 7

Researchers would most likely use a/an ___________ research design in order to compare children who have a history of child abuse with those who do not.

Answer 7

quasi-experimental by using matched control participants who are similar in age, sex, race, # of children in the family, socioeconomic factors, neighborhood, and other characteristics.

Question 8

The ______ variable is what is manipulated in an experiment in order to determine if it has an effect on another variable.

Answer 8

independent variable

Question 9

An imitation treatment that looks or tastes like the real therapy but has none of its key ingredients is:

Answer 9

placebo

Question 10

The “Genain” sisters all developed __________ in their twenties, and became famous research subjects.

Answer 10

schizophrenia

Question 11

Correlation studies of many pairs of twins have suggested a link between ___________ factors and psychological disorders.

Answer 11

genetic

Question 12

A procedure in which a pointed instrument was inserted into the frontal lobe of the brain to destroy brain tissue was known as:

Answer 12

lobotomy

Question 13

A research procedure in which a variable is manipulated and the manipulations effect on another variable is observed is known as a(n):

Answer 13

an experiment

Question 14

Animal rights surveys suggest that people tend to approve of experiments that use:

Answer 14

mice or rats

Question 15

A/An ________ experiment may use animals as subjects in order to learn more about human beings.

Answer 15

analogue

Question 16

The _________ effect is the term for a researchers unintentionally transmitting his or her expectations about the outcome of the research to a research subject.

Answer 16

Rosenthal Effect

Question 17

Clinical practitioners seek a/an ______ understanding of abnormal behavior.

Answer 17

idiographic

Question 18

If a research study concludes that the less coffee you drink, the less anxiety you experience, the researchers most likely used:

Answer 18

the correlational method

Question 19

If a research study concludes that the more activities you participate in, the less likely you are to be depressed, the conclusion would be expressed as:

Answer 19

a negative correlation

Question 20

If there is less than a 5 percent probability that a study’s findings are due to chance, the findings are said to be:

Answer 20

statistically significant

Question 21

Sigmund Freud utilized the _________ to develop his theories of abnormality.

Answer 21

case study

Question 22

Studies that reveal the incidence and prevalence of a disorder in a particular population are known as

Answer 22

epidemiological studies

Question 23

The _________ effect is the term for a researchers unintentionally transmitting his or her expectations about the outcome of the research to a research subject.

Answer 23

Rosenthal

Question 24

When the findings of research can be generalized to people beyond the immediate study, the investigation is said to have _____________.

Answer 24

single-subject experimental

Question 25

The Three Faces of Eve chronicles a _________ study of a woman who displayed three different personalities.

Answer 25

case

Question 26

Which of the following is the biggest limitation of correlational research?

Answer 26

It does not allow conclusions about cause and effect relationships.

Question 27

To ensure that subjects know what they are getting into when they sign up for a study, researchers must obtain _____________.

Answer 27

informed consent

Question 28

If a research subject is given drugs designed to intensify her symptoms, she is participating in a ____________ study.

Answer 28

symptom exacerbation

Question 29

Which statistic represents the greatest correlation?

Answer 29

-.95 (closer to 1.00 +/- is highest)

Question 30

Clinical researchers look for _________ truths about the causes and treatments of abnormality.

Answer 30

ideographic

Question 31

If you want to compare a subject with him/herself under different conditions rather than comparing him/her to control subjects, you might choose a(n) ______________ design.

Answer 31

ABAB reversal design

Question 32

Most informed consent forms for clinical research are written at a/an ____________ level.

Answer 32

advanced college

Question 33

In ____________ studies, patients are given an experimental drug to see if it reduces their symptoms.

Answer 33

new drug

Question 34

Experimenters can determine ______ significance, but only individuals and their clinicians can evaluate __________ significance.

Answer 34

statistical; clinical

Question 35

In a ______ design, research subjects are unaware as to whether they are assigned to the experimental group or the control group.

Answer 35

blind

Question 36

Which facet of experimental research is missing in a quasi-experimental design?

Answer 36

random assignment

Question 37

In a ______________ study both the participants and the experimenter are prevented from knowing who is in which experimental (or control) group.

Answer 37

double-blind

Question 38

Which of the following is true with regard to research using animal subjects?

Answer 38

University researchers must publicly disclose their research proposals to help ensure the well-being of animal subjects.

Question 39

If a study found that there was a perfect correlation between two variables, which of the following numbers would describe that relationship?

Answer 39

1.00 (perfect)

Question 40

When an unusual problem does not occur often enough to permit a large number of observations, it might be studied using a(n):

Answer 40

case study