Research in Abnormal Psychology Flashcards
How are case studies helpful?
They can be a source of new ideas about behavior, open the way for new discoveries. They may offer tentative support for a their or challenge a theory’s assumptions. Also, case studies show the value of new therapeutic techniques.
For the first half of the twentieth century, the cause of schizophrenia was thought to be:
inappropriate parenting
When researchers wish to observe the same subjects on many occasions over a long period of time, they use a/an ____________ study.
longitudinal studies
A correlation coefficient is symbolized by the letter:
r
The Office for Human Research Protection was created to establish rules and guidelines for studies involving:
all human subjects
A disorders ____________ includes both existing and new cases, while a disorders __________ refers only to new cases emerging during a period of time.
prevalence; incidence
Researchers would most likely use a/an ___________ research design in order to compare children who have a history of child abuse with those who do not.
quasi-experimental by using matched control participants who are similar in age, sex, race, # of children in the family, socioeconomic factors, neighborhood, and other characteristics.
The ______ variable is what is manipulated in an experiment in order to determine if it has an effect on another variable.
independent variable
An imitation treatment that looks or tastes like the real therapy but has none of its key ingredients is:
placebo
The “Genain” sisters all developed __________ in their twenties, and became famous research subjects.
schizophrenia
Correlation studies of many pairs of twins have suggested a link between ___________ factors and psychological disorders.
genetic
A procedure in which a pointed instrument was inserted into the frontal lobe of the brain to destroy brain tissue was known as:
lobotomy
A research procedure in which a variable is manipulated and the manipulations effect on another variable is observed is known as a(n):
an experiment
Animal rights surveys suggest that people tend to approve of experiments that use:
mice or rats
A/An ________ experiment may use animals as subjects in order to learn more about human beings.
analogue
The _________ effect is the term for a researchers unintentionally transmitting his or her expectations about the outcome of the research to a research subject.
Rosenthal Effect
Clinical practitioners seek a/an ______ understanding of abnormal behavior.
idiographic
If a research study concludes that the less coffee you drink, the less anxiety you experience, the researchers most likely used:
the correlational method
If a research study concludes that the more activities you participate in, the less likely you are to be depressed, the conclusion would be expressed as:
a negative correlation
If there is less than a 5 percent probability that a study’s findings are due to chance, the findings are said to be:
statistically significant
Sigmund Freud utilized the _________ to develop his theories of abnormality.
case study
Studies that reveal the incidence and prevalence of a disorder in a particular population are known as
epidemiological studies
The _________ effect is the term for a researchers unintentionally transmitting his or her expectations about the outcome of the research to a research subject.
Rosenthal
When the findings of research can be generalized to people beyond the immediate study, the investigation is said to have _____________.
single-subject experimental
The Three Faces of Eve chronicles a _________ study of a woman who displayed three different personalities.
case
Which of the following is the biggest limitation of correlational research?
It does not allow conclusions about cause and effect relationships.
To ensure that subjects know what they are getting into when they sign up for a study, researchers must obtain _____________.
informed consent
If a research subject is given drugs designed to intensify her symptoms, she is participating in a ____________ study.
symptom exacerbation
Which statistic represents the greatest correlation?
-.95 (closer to 1.00 +/- is highest)
Clinical researchers look for _________ truths about the causes and treatments of abnormality.
ideographic
If you want to compare a subject with him/herself under different conditions rather than comparing him/her to control subjects, you might choose a(n) ______________ design.
ABAB reversal design
Most informed consent forms for clinical research are written at a/an ____________ level.
advanced college
In ____________ studies, patients are given an experimental drug to see if it reduces their symptoms.
new drug
Experimenters can determine ______ significance, but only individuals and their clinicians can evaluate __________ significance.
statistical; clinical
In a ______ design, research subjects are unaware as to whether they are assigned to the experimental group or the control group.
blind
Which facet of experimental research is missing in a quasi-experimental design?
random assignment
In a ______________ study both the participants and the experimenter are prevented from knowing who is in which experimental (or control) group.
double-blind
Which of the following is true with regard to research using animal subjects?
University researchers must publicly disclose their research proposals to help ensure the well-being of animal subjects.
If a study found that there was a perfect correlation between two variables, which of the following numbers would describe that relationship?
1.00 (perfect)
When an unusual problem does not occur often enough to permit a large number of observations, it might be studied using a(n):
case study
