Past And Present

Question 1

What is abnormal psychology?

Answer 1

The scientific study of abnormal behavior in an effort to describe, predict, explain, and change abnormal patterns of functioning.

Question 2

What are norms?

Answer 2

A society’s stated and unstated rules for proper conduct

Question 3

What are the 4 D’s of psychological abnormality?

Answer 3

1. Deviance
2. Distress
3. Dysfunction
4. Danger

Question 4

Where does a society’s norms come from?

Answer 4

Culture: a people’s common history, values, institutions, habits, skills, technology, and arts.

Question 5

What do judgments of deviance depend on?

Answer 5

Norms
Culture
Specific conditions

Question 6

When is behavior dysfunctional?

Answer 6

When it interferes with daily functioning and distracts or confuses people so they can’t care for themselves.

Question 7

__________ argues that societies invent the concept of mental illness so that they can control people whose unusual patterns of functioning threaten the social order.

Answer 7

Thomas Szasz

Question 7

A trephine is

Answer 7

a stone instrument used to cut away a circular section of the skull.

Question 8

All forms of therapy have which three essential features?

Answer 8

sufferer, healer, and a series of contacts between healer and sufferer

Question 9

Behavior that is psychologically abnormal is not called:

Answer 9

mental instability

Question 10

General paresis, an irreversible disorder that causes physical and mental symptoms, including paralysis and delusions of grandeur, was found to be caused by:

Answer 10

syphilis

Question 11

A lycanthrope is more commonly known as a:

Answer 11

werewolf

Question 12

Judgments of abnormality depend on _______________ as well as on cultural norms.

Answer 12

specific circumstances

Question 13

The Boston schoolteacher who made humane care a public and political concern in 19th century America was:

Answer 13

Dorothea Dix

Question 14

The policy of releasing patients from public mental hospitals was known as:

Answer 14

deinstitutionalization

Question 15

The role of a clinical practitioner in abnormal psychology is to:

Answer 15

detect, assess, and treat abnormal patterns of functioning

Question 16

Which was not among the list of mental disorders described by ancient Greeks and Romans?

Answer 16

bulimia

Question 17

What are the four humors described by Hippocrates?

Answer 17

yellow bile- mania
black bile- melancholia
blood
phlegm

Question 18

What is a humor?

Answer 18

According to the Greeks and Romans, bodily chemicals that influence mental and physical functioning

Question 19

Before the 1950s, almost all outpatient care for psychological disturbances took the form of:

Answer 19

Private psychotherapy- an arrangement where a person directly pays a therapist for counseling services

Question 20

What are psychotropic medications?

Answer 20

Drugs that mainly affect the brain and reduce symptoms of mental dysfunctioning

Question 21

The treatment mechanism associated with touching a troubled area of a patient’s body with a special rod was:

Answer 21

mesmerism, which later evolved into hypnotism

Question 22

Which of the following terms was the earliest used to describe those who we now refer to as mentally ill?

Answer 22

unstable

Question 23

Which of the following is true regarding the Four Ds of abnormality?

Answer 23

None of the four Ds is, by itself, an adequate gauge of psychological abnormality.

Question 24

Which of the following terms, which has come to mean a chaotic uproar derived its name from a London hospital where mentally ill patients were treated in horrendous ways?

Answer 24

Bedlam

Question 25

The work of Dorothea Dix led to the establishment of 32 _____________ around the country?

Answer 25

State hospitals

Question 26

The term eugenics refers to which of the following?

Answer 26

A political policy of preventing those who suffer from mental illness from reproducing.

Question 27

According to ancient views of abnormality, if a standard exorcism failed to rid a person of their abnormal behaviors, which of the following steps would be taken?

Answer 27

The shaman would perform a more extreme exorcism, such as whipping or starving the person.

Question 28

At present, which single viewpoint dominates the clinical field as the psychoanalytic perspective once did?

Answer 28

none

Question 29

Which 19th century perspective held the view that abnormal psychological functioning has physical causes?

Answer 29

somatogenic

Question 30

Roman is a loner. He lives in a cabin in the woods with no running water or electricity. While he manages to survive this way, living so far from the closest city makes it very hard for him to get and keep gainful employment. He is often unhappy with his situation, yet feels that he can do nothing to change it and has lived this way for years. Romans behavior may be considered all but which of the four D’s?

Answer 30

dangerous

Question 31

Hippocrates believed that abnormal behavior was caused by:

Answer 31

imbalance of bodily fluids (humors)

Question 32

The first asylum to treat the mentally ill was established in:

Answer 32

Belgium

Question 33

According to research conducted on eccentric people, which of the following statements is true?

Answer 33

They have fewer emotional problems than the general public.

Question 34

The French physician __________ was associated with asylum reform at La Bictre.

Answer 34

Philippe Pinel

Question 35

Today, the dominant form of insurance coverage for mental health patients is:

Answer 35

managed care

Question 36

Before the 1950s, psychotherapy was offered only by:

Answer 36

psychiatrists

Question 37

Which is the most correct statement about the practice of exorcism today?

Answer 37

It is practiced by people in the Roman Catholic Church

Question 38

The area of psychology concerned with the study and enhancement of positive feelings, traits, and abilities is:

Answer 38

positive psychology

Question 39

Trying to correct the social conditions that give rise to psychological problems and identifying individuals who are at risk for developing emotional problems is known as:

Answer 39

prevention

Question 40

The ___________ perspective views the chief causes of abnormal functioning as psychological.

Answer 40

psychogenic

Question 41

What percentage of current psychiatrists are female?

Answer 41

25%

Question 42

What percentage of current psychologists are female?

Answer 42

52%

Question 43

What percentage of current social workers are women?

Answer 43

77%

Question 44

What percentage of counselors are women?

Answer 44

90%

Question 45

Insurance parity laws are concerned with:

Answer 45

providing equal coverage for mental and medical problems.

Question 46

__________________ is generally defined as a procedure designed to change abnormal behavior into more normal behavior.

Answer 46

Treatment or therapy

Question 47

In the middle ages in Europe, people who suffered the bite of a wolf spider believed that the only way to rid themselves of the resulting symptoms was to do a dance called a ________.

Answer 47

tarantella

Question 48

Which German physician was the first to specialize in mental illness and is now considered the founder of the modern study of psychopathology?

Answer 48

Johann Weyer

Question 49

The main difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist is:

Answer 49

A psychiatrist is a medical doctor who can provide therapy and prescribe medication; a psychologist is NOT a medical doctor and cannot prescribe medication, but can provide therapy.