research ethics Flashcards
FDA was created
1906
tuskegee study begins
1932
nazi experiments
josef mengele
1939-1945
nuremburg code
states that in any study that involves human, there should be consent form
because of the nazis
1947
Thalidomide Tragedy
It’s a drug; however, it was not FDA-approved this time.
It was publicized because it works especially for pregnant women.
1962
Helsinki Declaration
prompted by the thalidomide tragedy
this states that we can’t just test on humans right away
1964
Belmont Report
it is a book that is our main reference for research ethics
this is what we use when we want to know the practicality of research ethics
1979
moral principles of right and
wrong
not absolute; may vary by person, by time, by place
ETHICS
is a group of people that reviews all of the research papers in SHS
It is very important per department to have their own committees because the ethical standards are different per department.
Research Ethics Committee
Being able to recognize a situation or issue that raises ethical concern
Ethical Awareness
Making a decision about what is the right thing to do
Ethical Judgment
Embracing ethical principles
Ethical Behavior
The right to self-determination (right to decide voluntarily)
Every participant has the right to say no, or they can stop whenever they want to. At any stage of the research process, they have the right to say no.
RESPECT FOR HUMAN DIGNITY
MAXIMIZING BENEFITS
The right to freedom from harm and discomfort (obligation to avoid, prevent, or minimize harm - non-malfeasance)
BENEFICENCE
BALANCING HARM & BENEFITS
The right to fair treatment (equitable distribution of benefits and burdens)
JUSTICE
It is not allowed not only in thesis but also in writing in any form of document.
comes from the Latin word meaning “to kidnap”
Plagiarism
a principal investigator not limiting access to private health information, or a researcher losing a laptop that had the only copy of unprotected and sensitive research data.
Poor data storage and retention
is “making up data or results.” Falsification is “manipulating research materials, equipment, or processes, or changing or omitting data or results such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record.”
Fabrication
Data must be publicized, even inside our Library, even if not an international publication. It needs to be open to the other batches and generations.
Non-publication of data
It is when we take shortcuts. Are you lazy or don’t want to force your experiment to produce results, so you just simply write whatever data you want because you want to finish already.
Faulty data-gathering procedures
You removed someone from your group because you have a conflict of interest. You guys fought, and you didn’t put his name on publication.
Misleading authorship
Publishing papers is complicated because professionals must double-check your paper in the Philippines and internationally. Some people, to do an easy route to publication, pay. This is what you call predatory journals.
Sneaky publication practices
