Research Applications Flashcards
Research report
Results: specific lab, clinical, objective, or subjective findings
Descriptive research
Correlation studies or ecological studies: compare frequency of events (or disease rates) in different populations with the percapita consumption of certain dietary factors (correlation between fish consumption and breast cancer incidence)
Analytical research
Experimental group: receives the program or treatment
Control group: does not receive the treatment or may receive a placebo
Parallel design: participants are randomly assigned to a particular treatment group and remain on that treatment throughout the study
Cross-sectional (prevalence study): snap shots look at one point in time, describes current not past or future events
IRB
Institutional review board under the FDA
Variables
Dependent: outcomes
Independent: what you manipulate in your study
Central tendency
Mean: simple average
Median: midpoint
Mode: most frequently occurring value
Standard deviation
about 2/3 (68%) of all observations in a normal distribution lie within 1 SD of the mean
Double blind study
removes bias from research, neither the researcher nor the subject knows which group is receiving the treatment and which the placebo
Mortality
rate of death
Morbidity
state of disease
Inferential statistics
techniques that allow conclusions to extend beyond an immediate data set, what is the probability that the results can be applied to a larger group
Pilot study
includes every step in the study