required practical 5: distillation of a product

Question 1

method of oxidation of propan-1-ol

Answer 1

add dilute sulphuric acid to flask with potassium dichromate and anti bumping granules.
add propan-1-ol
gently heat and distill product into a collecting vessel

Question 2

when is distillation used

Answer 2

to separate organic products from a mixture
specific boiling points are used to ensure maximum yield

Question 3

describe set up of the distillation

Answer 3

bulb of themometer should be a T junction connecting to the condenser to measure correct boiling point.
water out at the top
water in at the bottom - allows for effective cooling whilst preventing back flow
collecting vessel is placed in a cold beaker to increase yield

Question 4

observation during oxidation of alcohols

Answer 4

orange dichromate ion is reduced to green

Question 5

method of reflux of oxidation of primary alcohol into a carboxylic acid

Answer 5

add alcohol to anti bumping granules
set up condenser for reflux
add sulphuric acid and potassium dichromate
heat using bunsen burner
allow mixture to cool

Question 6

describe set up of reflux

Answer 6

water out at the top
water in at the bottom
condenser is not sealed - build up of gas may lead to breaking of glassware
anti-bumping granules added to prevent a vigorous reaction by making small bubbles