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DIVERSITY > Reptiles > Flashcards

Reptiles Flashcards

1
Q

4 extant species

A

Tuatara
Squamata - worm like lizard
Chelonia - turtles and tortoises
Crocodylia - crocodiles, alligators, caimans and gharials

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2
Q

Squamata family

A

Amphisbaenia - worm like lizard
Sauria - lizards
Serpents - snakes

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3
Q

Tuatara (Rynchocephalia)

A

Primitive features
Nocturnal
Perietal eye - regulated day/night cycles
No external ear
Heart is closer to amphibians

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4
Q

Amphisbaenia

A

Worm like lizard
Legless
Tunnelling lizards
Keratinised hear
Rings on annuli
Europe, Africa, America

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5
Q

Sauria

A

Lizards
Variation in size and shape
Iguania, gekkonodia, scincomorphia, platynota
Some venomous

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6
Q

Venomous lizards

A

Gila monster
Komodo dragon

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7
Q

Serpents

A

Snakes
Lack of ears
Colubroidea - most living species
Elapsids and viperids

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8
Q

Elapsids and viperids

A

Snakes that posses hollow fangs at the front of the mouth and have highly toxic venom

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9
Q

Aglyphous (serpents)

A

Without fangs

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10
Q

Opisthoglyphous (serpent)

A

Fangs in the rear of the maxilla

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11
Q

Solenoglyphous (serpents)

A

Fangs on rotating maxilla
Viper

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12
Q

Proteroglyphous (serpents)

A

Permanently erect fangs in the front of the maxilla (cobra)

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13
Q

Chelonia

A

Turtles and tortoises
Two part shell:
Dorsal = carapace
Ventral = plastron
Omnivores- beak

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14
Q

Crocodylia

A

Crocodiles, alligators, caimans, gharial
Gharial - endangered

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15
Q

Skull fenestration in reptiles

A

Two

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16
Q

Reptiles skin

A

Dry and scaly
This limits water loss

17
Q

Teeth in reptilians

A

All except turtles
Powerful as fenestration makes room for more muscle
Homodont dentition
Partial heterodonty in snakes and some lizards

18
Q

Orientation of limbs in reptiles

A

Appendages rotated towards the body
Long axis of limbs parallel to main body’s axis
Limbs are straighter provides better support and greater agility

19
Q

Reproduction in reptiles

A

Amniotic egg
Temperature dependent sex determination
Parthenogenesis - absence of male

20
Q

Respiration in reptiles

A

Lungs
Faveoli- increases surface area
No diaphragm
Negative pressure

21
Q

Pulmonary circulation in reptiles

A

3 chambers except from crocodilians
Septum dividing chambers

22
Q

Vision in reptiles

A

Day vision
= multiple cones, block ultraviolet
Night vision
= large pupillary and lens apertures
= allows more uv light in

23
Q

Jacobs organ

A

Inside mouth to detect chemicals via tongue
Smell rerouted from the nose to the tongue

24
Q

Pit organ

A

Touch, temperature and pain
Organ has a membrane that converts changes in thermal radiation to an electrical signal

DIVERSITY (4 decks)

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