Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy 3rd Year > Reprodutive System > Flashcards

Reprodutive System Flashcards

1
Q

What parts of the linea terminalis make up the border of the superior pelvic aperture?

A 
Superior margin of the pubic symphysis anteriorly
Posterior border of the pubic crest
Pecten Pubis
Arcuate Line of the Ilium
Ala of the sacrum
Sacral promontory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What parts form the border of the inferior pelvic aperture?

A

Inferior margin of the pubic symphysis anteriorly
Ischial rami and tuberosities anterolaterally
Sacrotuberous ligaments posterolaterally
Tip of the coccyx posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What parts of the pelvis are the true and false pelvis?

A

True-lesser pelvis

False-greater pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the main differences between the male and female pelvis?

A 
Male- Deep greater and lesser pelvis
Heart shaped pelvic inlet
Small pelvic outlet
Acute subpubic angle
Round obturator foramen
Female- Shallow greater and lesser pelvis
Round shaped pelvic inlet
Obtuse subpubic angle
Oval obturater foramen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of joint is the sacroiliac joint?

A

Synovial plane joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What muscles make up the pelvis?

A

Obturator internus covers the lateral pelvic walls
Piriformis makes up the posterior wall
Levator Ani and coccygeus make up the pelvic floor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the three parts of the levator ani?

A

Puborectalis
Pubococcygeus
Iliococcygeus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the innervation and action of levator ani?

A

Nerve to levator ani

Helps support pelvic viscera and resists increases in intra abdominal pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the innervation and actions of coccygeus?

A

Branches of S4 and S5

Supports pelvic viscera and flexes coccyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the innervation and actions of obturator internus?

A

Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2)

Laterally rotates hip joint and and holds femur head in position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the innervation and actions of piriformis?

A

Anterior rami of S1 and S2

Laterally rotates and abducts hip joint and holds femur head in place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What artery is the main supplier of the pelvic viscera, gluteal region and perineum?

A

Internal iliac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the obturator artery supply and what is its origin?

A

Pelvic muscles and femur head

Anterior division of internal iliac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where does the artery to ductus deferens originate from?

A

Superior vesical artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What artery supplies the seminal gland and prostate?

A

Middle rectal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What artery is the main supplier of the perineum?

A

Internal Pudendal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the uterine artery supply?

A

Pelvic ureter, uterus, uterine tube, ligament of uterus and part of vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What arteries supply the gonads?

A

Gonadal arteries (testicular and ovarian)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which part of the rectum drains into the venous portal system and which into the systemic?

A

Portal-superior rectal veins

Systemic-middle and inferior rectal veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What venous plexus communicates with the prostatic venous plexus?

A

Vertebral venous plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the root of the ilioinguinal nerve and what does it supply?

A

L1

Supply skin at the root of the penis in the male and the labia in the female

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the root of the genitofemoral nerve and what does it supply?

A

L1-2
Anterior scrotum and spermatic cord in males
Mons pubis, round ligament of uterus and labia majora in females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the root of the pudendal nerve and what does it supply?

A

S2-4

Sensory to genitalia, perineal muscles, sphincter urethrae and external anal sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What nerve supplies the vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate and epididymis?

A

Sympathetic fibres via the hypogastric plexus from L1 and L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What sympathetic nerve supplies the female genital tract?

A

Nerve fibres from the pelvic and ovarian plexuses and pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What parasympathetic nerve innervates the erectile tissues?

A

Fibres from S2-4 via the hypogastric plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are the four main pelvic groups of lymph nodes and what areas do they drain?

A

External iliac-superior pelvic viscera
Internal Iliac- gluteal region, deep perineum and inferior pelvic viscera
Sacral-Postero-inferior pelvic viscera
Common iliac- drains the other three groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are the main contents of the spermatic cord?

A

Ductus deferens
Arteries
Pampiniform venous plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the function of the vas deferens?

A

Conveys sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are the two layers that cover the testes?

A

Tunica vaginalis- peritoneal sac that has a visceral and parietal aspect
Tunica albuginea- tough outer fibrous layer

31
Q

What is present between the two layers of tunica vaginalis?

A

Serous fluid

32
Q

At what vertebral level do the testicular arteries arise from the abdominal aorta and what structures do they cross?

A

L2 from the abdominal aorta

Ureters and inferior external iliac arteries

33
Q

Into which veins do the right and left testicular veins drain?

A

Left-left renal vein

Right-IVC

34
Q

What secretions are produced by the seminal vesicles?

A

Thick alkaline fluid

35
Q

What part of the urethra do the bulbourethral glands empty into?

A

Penile/spongy urethra

36
Q

What three structures constitute the birth canal?

A

Vagina
Cervix
Vulva

37
Q

What are the three layers of the uterus?

A

Endometrium
Myometrium
Perimetrium

38
Q

What area of the uterine body does the lower segment of the uterus develop from?

A

Isthmus/area between cervix and uterus

39
Q

What are the ligaments related to the uterus?

A 
Broad ligament (sheet covering uterus)
Round ligament of uterus (found within the broad ligament)
Ovarian ligament (goes from ovary to uterus)
Suspensory ligament of ovary (goes from ovary to pelvic wall)
40
Q

What is another name for the rectouterine pouch?

A

Pouch of Douglas

41
Q

What are the definitions of anteverted and anteflexed?

A

Anteverted- tipped anterosuperiorly relative to the axis of the vagina
Anteflexed-uterine body is flexed/bent anteriorly relative to the cervix

42
Q

Through which vaginal fornix can you access the rectouterine pouch?

A

Posterior vaginal fornix

43
Q

Through which ligament do the ovarian artery and vein go?

A

Suspensory ligament of ovary

44
Q

Which ligament is known as the cardinal ligament of uterus?

A

Transverse cervical

45
Q

Name the four parts of the fallopian tubes

A

Infundibulum
Ampulla
Isthmus
Intramural/uterine

46
Q

What group of lymph nodes drains the labia and distal part of the vagina?

A

Superficial inguinal

47
Q

Which group of lymph nodes drain the ovaries?

A

Aortic

48
Q

What group of lymph nodes drain the fundus and upper uterine body?

A

Pre-aortic

49
Q

What group of lymph nodes drain most of the uterine body (inc lower)?

A

External iliac

50
Q

What group of lymph nodes drain the cervix and upper vagina?

A

Internal iliac and sacral

51
Q

What group of lymph nodes drain the lower vagina?

A

Sacral and common iliac

52
Q

What structure separates the fat lobules in breasts?

A

Suspensory ligaments

53
Q

What are the borders of the breast?

A

Breasts extend from the 2nd to the 6th rib

Lateral border of sternum to anterior axillary line

54
Q

What muscles are the breasts related to?

A

Pectoralis major and minor

Serratus anterior

55
Q

What are the groups of lymph nodes that drain the breast and what areas do they drain?

A 
Pectoral-anterior
Parasternal-medial
Supraclavicular-superior
Abdominal-inferior
Axillary-lateral
56
Q

How can the two sides of the placenta be distinguished?

A

Maternal-rough and spongy surface

Foetal-smooth, vascular and has umbilical cord

57
Q

What are the four functions of the placenta?

A

Gaseous exchange
Attaches foetus to uterine wall
Provides nutrients
Produces hormones

58
Q

What makes up the umbilical cord?

A

Wharton’s jelly
Two arteries
One vein

59
Q

What parts make up the perineum?

A

External Genitalia
Perineal Muscles
Anal Canal

60
Q

What are the two triangles of the perineum and and what line transects them?

A

Urogenital triangle
Anal triangle
A transverse line connecting the two ischial tuberosities

61
Q

What separates the perineum from the pelvic cavity?

A

Pelvic diaphragm

62
Q

What is the perineal body?

A

It is an irregular fibromuscular mass located in the median plane between the anal canal and the perineal membrane. It lies deep to the skin and is the site of convergence of bulbospongiosus, external anal sphincter, superficial and deep transverse muscles

63
Q

What is the innervation and actions of the external anal sphincter?

A

Inferior anal nerve (branch of pudendal, S2-4)

Constricts anal canal during peristalsis, resists defecation, supports and fixes pelvic floor

64
Q

What is the innervation and actions of bulbospongiosus?

A

Muscular branch of perineal nerve (branch of pudendal)
Supports and fixes pelvic floor, in males it compresses the bulb of the penis to expel last drops of urine or semen and assists erection by controlling blood flow, in females it assists in erection of the clitoris and compresses the greater vestibular gland

65
Q

What is the innervation and actions of ischiocavernosus?

A

Muscular branch of perineal nerve (branch of pudendal)

Maintains erection of the ponis or clitoris by pushing blood into the body

66
Q

What is the innervation and actions of the deep and superficial transverse perineal muscles?

A

Muscular branch of perineal nerve (branch of pudendal)

Support and fix perineal body to support pelvic viscera and resist raised intra abdominal pressure

67
Q

What is the innervation and actions of the external urethral sphincter?

A

Muscular branch of perineal nerve (branch of pudendal)

Compresses urethra to maintain urinary continence and in females also compresses the vagina

68
Q

What structures do the superficial and deep perineal pouches contain?

A

Superficial-perineal muscles, greater vestibular gland and bulbs of the vestibule (in females), spongy part of urethra (in males) and pudendal vessels and nerves
Deep-fat filled ischioanal fossa, urethra, external urethral sphincter, deep transverse muscles and bulbourethral glands (in males)

69
Q

What are the vestibular bulbs in females?

A

The vestibular bulbs are two elongated masses of erectile tissue typically described as being situated on either side of the vaginal opening.

70
Q

What is the function of the greater vestibular glands?

A

They secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina and are homologous to bulbourethral glands in males

71
Q

Where is the bulbourethral gland located in males and what is its function?

A

It is located beneath the prostate gland at the beginning of the internal portion of the penis within the deep transverse perineal muscle
They add fluids to semen during the process of ejaculation

72
Q

What are the widest and narrowest parts of the male urethra?

A

Widest-prostatic

Narrow-membranous

73
Q

What are the longest and shortest parts of the male urethra?

A

Long-penile

Short-membranous

74
Q

What neurovascular bundle enters the ischioanal fossa through the lesser sciatic foramen?

A

Pudendal nerve/artery/vein

Obturator internus nerve

Anatomy 3rd Year (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions