reprodution

Question 1

wind pollinated flower

Answer 1

• large amounts of pollen
• light pollen
• anther outside plant and exposed + supported by loose wing filament so it can get rid of pollen
• feathery stigma outside plant and exposed- easier to catch drifting pollen
• no colour leaves or smell or necter

Question 2

insect pollinated flowers

Answer 2

• colourful petals
• nectar + scent
• anther n firm filament and inside the plant to brush against insects
• sticky’s stigma to catch pollen
• pollen grains large/sticky/spikey

Question 3

pollination

Answer 3

plant produces pollen
pollen grains has the male gamete
pollen is transferred from anther to stigma

Question 4

cross polination

Answer 4

pollen is trasnffred from the stigma of one plant to antoehr of the same speicies - more gentic varitation

Question 5

self pollination

Answer 5

pollen from flower lands on its own stigma -
reduces genetic variation - all gametes come from the same parent plant

Question 6

fertilization whole process

Answer 6

1.pollen grain forms a pollen tube
2.pollen tube grows down the stigma down the style and into the ovaries
whilst this is happening pollen grain releases its nucleus
3.pollen grain nucleus fuses with ovum nuclues
ovum is egg cell which contains female nucleus - its produces by ovules and ovules stored in ovaries
4.ovum is fertilized zygotes formed

5.fertlizzed ovule form seed with Testa
6.ovaries turn into fruit
fruit - seed dispersal

Question 7

practicle to test germination

Answer 7

4 test tubes all with cotten wool + same species of seed and amount
a - no water
b- water
c- water with layer of oil on top
d- water
test tube A + B + C all kept at room temp
test tube D - IN FRIDGE
kept for same amount of time + conditions

a - no - not water
b - yes - has all conditon for germination
c- no - no O
d- no - no heat

Question 8

germination defention

Answer 8

the start of a growth of a plant
the seed contains zygote which develops into cells that developer into embryo plant cells

Question 9

germenation conditions

Answer 9

o - require for respiration to relaese energy for germination
heat - ke increase
more enzyme substrate made
germination occur
water - seed swells and testa burst allows embryo plant to exit seed + helps enzyme in embryo to start working so growth can occur + allows enzymes to start working

Question 10

how do germination builld plants for ps

Answer 10

glucose - energy
amino acidsm+ fatty acid - help build new shoot + roots

plant uses these reservesto build itself and leaves]then it will begin photosynthesis before runs out of reserves stored in seed

Question 11

runners

Answer 11

• natrual
  runner (sideways BRANCH) have horizontal stems and grow out of the parent plant sideways
• runner have little platents on them which grow their own roots will become independent from the parent plant

Question 12

cuttings

Answer 12

artificial
farmers take the best/good parent plant and cut of a new bud
they place that bud in water or soil to help make roots grow
new gentically identical plant made

• less genetic variation
• maintain phenotype
• producle plants faster

Question 13

what process cell division do plant go through and were

Answer 13

mitosis
in the root tip usually and because it is the fastest growing side of plant so it is more likely to contain cells that are undergoijg mitosis

Question 14

mitoisis defintion

Answer 14

single parent cell divides once to from two new identical diploid daughter cells

Question 15

how does style tissue help pollen tube grow

Answer 15

• amino acids to make protein
• supplies sugars carbohydrates
• respiration atp

Question 16

advantage of seed germinating away from a parent plant is

Answer 16

less comptetion for light / water / and minerals like nitrates

Question 17

advantage of seed germinating colse to parent plant

Answer 17

• one other plant to cross polinate with