Reproductive system review Flashcards
What do ovaries produce?
Estrogen, progesterone, eggs
What does estrogen cause during estrus?
Physical and behavioral changes
What is progesterone responsible for?
Maintaining pregnancy
Development of mammary gland
Induces maternal behavior
Prevents foreign substances from entering uterus
Cervix
Animals that are seasonal polyestrus
Cats, sheep, goats, horses
Animals that are nonseasonal monoestrus
Dogs
Animals that are induced ovulators
Cats
Gestation period for cats and dogs
63 days
Gestation period on cows
280 days
Gestation period in horses
330 days
Gestation period in elephants
22 months
Hormone of the pituitary gland
Oxytocin
When is oxytocin released?
During parturition and sucking of mammary glands
Oxytocin contracts the ______ and stimulates _____ ______
The uterus, stimulates milk let down
When can an ultrasound test pregnancy?
21 days
When can a radiograph test for pregnancy?
45-48 days
When can a hormonal test show pregnancy?
21 days
The first stool of a new born is called?
Meconium
Thick fluid containing antibodies and nutrients needed by the neonate, secreted by the mother
Colostrum
What is the most precise test for determining ovulation?
Progesterone Test
Advantages of artificial insemination
Increased litter size
Inability to breed naturally
Poor semen quality requires AI
Female deformed requiring AI
Disadvantages of artificial insemination
Expensive
Increased risk
Labor intensive
Why do we perform vaginal cytology?
Predict stage of heat
Identify fertility
3 types of cells seen in vaginal cytology
Parabasal cells
Intermediate cells
Superficial cells
Semen evaluation is based on what two things?
Quantity and Quality
What qualities (either good or bad) are we looking for in semen?
Mobility, deformities, mortality, blood present
