Reproductive System in Men Flashcards
3 types of accessory glands associated with the system
- a single prostate gland
- a pair of seminal vesicles
- a pair of bulbourethral glands
Testes (3)
- enclosed within the end of an elongated muscofacial pouch
- sides are covered by the tunica vaginalis (sac of peritoneum)
- each is composed of seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissue surrounded by the tunica albuginea
Major components of the system (6)
- ejaculatory duct
- testes
- epididymis
- ducts deferens
- urethra
- penis
Development of testes (3)
- usually develop high on the abdominal wall and descend before birth through the inguinal canal and into the scrotum in the perineum.
- during descent, they carry their vessels, lymphatics, nerves and ductus deferens with them
- lymph drainage does not descent through the inguinal canal, it drains through the lateral aortic or lumbar and pre-aortic nodes
Where are the sperms produced?
Seminiferous tubules
Epididymis (3)
- coiled duct the courses along the side of the testis
- its function is maturation of sperm and carrying sperm from the testes to the duct deferens
- two distinct components: efferent ductules and true epididymis
Efferent ductules and true epididymis
Efferent ductules: sits on the posterior superior pole of the testis and forms the head of epididymis
True epididymis: duct into which efferent ductules drain, forms the body and tail of epididymis
Spermatic cord
Connection between the pouch in the scrotum and the abdominal wall
Ductus deferens (2)
- long muscular duct
- transport sperms from tail of epididymis to ejaculatory duct
Pathway of sperms through ductus deferens (10)
- Scrotum
- Inguinal canal
- deep inguinal ring
- enters the pelvic cavity
- crosses the urether
- continues along the base of bladder
- join the seminal vesicle duct
- forms the ejaculatory duct
- ampulla of ductus deferens
- ejaculatory duct connect with the prostatic urethra
Seminal vesicle (4)
- accessory gland
- develops from the ductus deferens
- secretion from the seminal vesicle contributes to the volume of semen
- tube is encapsulated by connective tissue
Prostate (5)
- unpaired
- surrounds the urethra
- lies inferior to the bladder,
- inferolateral surfaces are in contact with the levator ani muscles
- ejaculatory ducts pass through the posterior aspect of the prostate to open into the prostatic urethra
Ejaculatory duct is formed by
Seminal vesicles and ductus deferens
Semen secretion are from
Prostate and seminal vesicles
Bulbourethral glands (3)
- situated within the deep perineal pouch
- duct from the gland passes through the perineal membrane and open into the bulb of the spongy urethra
- contribute to the lubrication of the urethra and the pre- ejaculatory emission from the penis
Prostatic fascia (2)
- condensation of fascia around the region of the prostate
- contains and surrounds the prostatic plexus of veins and is continuous with the recto-vesical septum
Recto- vesical septum
Separates the prostate and the base of the bladder from the rectum
Corpus spongiosum (3)
- single, large erectile mass
- anchored to the perineal membrane
- proximal end forms the ventral part of the body of the penis
- encloses the urethra and opens at the end of the penis
Penis
-is composed of
-two corpora cavernosa and the single corpus spongiosum
Penis
-parts
Root –> consists of two crura and the bulb of penis
Body –> covered entirely by skin, formed by two corpora cavernosa and parts of the corpus spongiosum
Base –> supported by the suspensory ligament (attached to the pubic symphysis) of penis and the fundiform ligament (atttached to the linea alba) of penis
Anatomical position of penis
- Erect
- Flacid
- paired corpora are dorsal in the body of penis and the single corpus spongiosum as ventral
- corpous spongiosum expands to from the head of penis over the distal ends of the corpora cavernosa
Erection
- Generated by..
- What happens
- Parasympathetic fibers
- specific arteries in the erectile tissues relax, allowing blood to fill the tissues, causing the penis and clitoris to become erect.
Homologue of the labia majora in women
Scrotum
Midline raphe (2)
- the remnant of the line of fusion between the labioscrotal swelling in the fetus
- continuous with the frenulum of the glans
Location of the external urethral orifice
tip of the glans
- Corona of glans
- Prepuce
- expanded base of glans which form this raised circular margin
- fold of skin at the neck of the glans (removed during male circumcision)
Cremaster muscle
-works under which conditions
works more under severe conditions. Ex: super cold weather. Pulls the testis as close as to the body as possible.
Bulbourethral gland (3)
- around the male urethra,
- paired,
- function is to moisture the urethra and to create a pH that is more than 7 and which is suitable to the sperm cells to remain active.
